AI 中文总结
本研究以波斯语话语标记hālā为对象，通过分析267个口语实例，结合语用与声学方法，发现时长和强度是区分其多功能的关键韵律线索。
AI 中文摘要
波斯语话语标记hālā（意为‘现在’）表现出显著的多功能性，远不止其时间副词的作用，还涵盖多种语用功能。本研究对口语波斯语中的hālā进行了语用与声学分析，考察了自发对话中的267个实例。时间用法虽存在，但常与其他话语标记功能结合，表明其多功能性广泛，70%的标记承担两种或以上语用角色。文本功能（话题转换、关系标记、边界标记、注意力引导、话题引入及话题强调）最为频繁，其次是互动功能（话轮管理、听者参与及反馈调节），最后是情态功能（认知立场、情感表达及态度标记）。韵律分析显示，时长与强度是区分hālā功能的关键线索：文本用法显著更短，时间用法则倾向于更长的实现形式；互动功能与更高强度相关，情态功能则呈现较弱的低强度倾向。这些发现表明，时长与强度是与hālā功能分化相关的主要韵律线索，尤其在文本与互动用法中。
英文摘要
The Persian discourse marker hālā ('now') exhibits remarkable multifunctionality, extending far beyond its temporal adverbial role to encompass a variety of pragmatic functions. This study presents a pragmatic and acoustic analysis of hālā in spoken Persian, examining 267 instances from spontaneous conversations. While temporal uses were present, they were often combined with other discourse marker functions, indicating extensive multifunctionality, with 70% of tokens serving two or more pragmatic roles. Textual functions (topic shifting, signaling relationships, boundary marking, attention guidance, topic introduction, and topic emphasis) were most frequent, followed by interactive functions (turn management, listener engagement, and feedback regulation), and modal functions (epistemic stance, emotional expression, and attitudinal marking). Prosodic analysis revealed that duration and intensity are key cues for distinguishing hālā's functions. Textual uses were significantly shorter, while temporal uses showed a tendency toward longer realizations. Interactive functions correlated with higher intensity, while modal functions showed a weaker tendency toward lower intensity. These findings indicate that duration and intensity are the main prosodic cues associated with functional differentiation in hālā, especially in textual and interactive uses.
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