AI 中文总结
该研究针对集成PCM的区域供热系统，提出自适应需求驱动控制策略，经仿真与敏感性分析，该策略可平滑热需求曲线、实现最高5.3%的峰值负荷削减，同时指出需降低成本以缩短25.3年的投资回收期。
AI 中文摘要
采用相变材料（PCM）的潜热热能存储（LHTES）是区域供热（DH）中转移热量供应、降低峰值需求的有前景方案，但PCM热物理特性与实际控制策略对DH系统级运行及经济性能的综合影响仍未被充分理解。为填补该研究空白，本研究在自适应需求驱动（ADD）控制策略下，对集成PCM、辅以热泵余热回收的DH系统展开研究，以提升运行灵活性。构建动态仿真模型，基于峰值负荷削减、运行成本、热泵性能及室内热舒适性，将系统性能与基准案例、基于规则的控制（RBC）方法对比评估；还开展敏感性分析，探究PCM热物理特性对系统性能的影响。结果显示，RBC可转移峰值需求，但充电阶段易产生二次峰值；ADD策略则能有效平滑热需求曲线，实现最高5.3%的峰值负荷削减，同时维持热舒适性。敏感性分析表明，相变温度为80℃、热导率高于2 W/(m·K)时，可实现更高的峰值负荷削减并改善经济性能。尽管所提控制策略具备增强的削峰能力，但系统投资回收期为25.3年，表明需进一步降低成本及出台支持性市场激励措施；不过，所提方法为提升DH灵活性、支撑向未来低碳能源系统转型提供了巨大潜力。
英文摘要
Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) using phase change materials (PCMs) is a promising solution to shifting heat supply and reducing peak demand in district heating (DH). However, the combined impacts of PCM thermophysical properties and practical control strategies on DH system-level operational and economic performance remain insufficiently understood. To bridge the research gap, this study investigates a PCM-integrated DH system with heat pump assisted waste heat recovery under an adaptive demand-driven (ADD) control strategy to enhance operational flexibility. A dynamic simulation model was developed and the system performance was evaluated against a baseline case and a rule-based control (RBC) approach based on peak-load reduction, operational cost, heat pump performance, and indoor thermal comfort. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the influence of PCM thermophysical properties on system performance. The results showed that the RBC can shift peak demand but tends to generate secondary peaks during charging periods. In contrast, the ADD strategy effectively smoothed the heat demand profile and achieved up to 5.3% peak-load reduction while maintaining thermal comfort. Sensitivity analysis revealed that a phase-change temperature of 80$^\circ$C and thermal conductivity above 2 W/(m$\cdot$K) achieved a higher peak-load reduction and improved economic performance. Despite the enhanced peak-shaving capability achieved by the proposed control strategy, the system exhibited a payback period of 25.3 years, indicating that further cost reductions and supportive market incentives are required. Nevertheless, the proposed approach provides significant potential for enhancing DH flexibility and supporting the transition toward future low-carbon energy systems.
Comments25 pages, 16 figures
