光场驱动里德伯原子气体中莫尔时间晶体的观测
Observation of Moiré Time Crystal in Floquet-driven Rydberg Atomic Gases
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究在光场驱动里德伯原子气体中观测到莫尔时间晶体，通过双色驱动场结合长程里德伯相互作用与耗散实现，为相关研究提供了可控平台并开辟了新途径。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
莫尔时间晶体是一种非平衡量子相，由两种不同频率的相干干涉产生，其中至少一种是对称性破缺时间晶体的本征振荡，其特征是超长拍频周期，反映了空间晶格失配产生的莫尔条纹在时域的映射。然而迄今为止，尚无此类莫尔时间晶体的实验实现报道。本研究通过施加具有两种不同频率的双色驱动场，证明长程里德伯相互作用与耗散的相互作用会产生独特的梳状莫尔图案，其特征是拍频梳，叠加了次谐波周期性和基频。由两种失配驱动形成的该莫尔图案，会随其中一个驱动的频率变化而在频谱中交错。我们通过实验绘制了该系统的相图，并确定了一个鲁棒区域，在激光失谐的扰动下，莫尔时间序仍能保持。所报道的莫尔时间晶体不仅为探索涌现的快慢动力学和合成时空对称性提供了可控平台，还为驱动量子多体系统中复杂时间序的构建开辟了途径。
英文摘要
A Moiré time crystal is a non-equilibrium quantum phase emerging from the coherent interference of two distinct frequencies, at least one being the intrinsic oscillation of a symmetry-broken time crystal. Its hallmark is an ultra-long beat period, reflecting a time-domain mapping of the Moiré fringes that arise from mismatched spatial lattices. However, to date, no experimental realization of such a Moiré time crystal has been reported. In this work, by applying a bichromatic driving field with two distinct frequencies, we demonstrate that the interplay between long-range Rydberg interactions and dissipation gives rise to a unique comb-like Moiré pattern characterized by a beat-note comb, which superimposes subharmonic periodicity and fundamental frequencies. This Moiré pattern formed by two mismatched drives is staggered in the spectrum as the frequency of one driver changes. We experimentally map the phase diagram of the system and identify a robust region where the Moiré temporal order persists against perturbations in laser detuning. The reported Moiré time crystal not only provides a controllable platform for exploring emergent slow-fast dynamics and synthetic space-time symmetries but also opens avenues for engineering complex temporal order in driven quantum many-body systems.
