AI 中文总结
本研究利用布儒斯特异常去局域化与自由电子辐射的相互作用，实现强无序多层膜中无局域化、高强度且定向的自由电子辐射，为粒子探测器和消色差光源开辟了新的应用可能。
AI 中文摘要
局域化效应是无序电子学和光子学的核心内容。在电子学中，安德森局域化控制随机微扰晶格中的电子约束；类似地，其光子学对应物通过无序抑制光传输，但存在一个独特例外：布儒斯特异常去局域化，其中布儒斯特效应可阻止多次散射干涉并抵消局域化。尽管电子学和光子学领域已有大量独立研究，但局域化效应在自由电子-光相互作用中的复杂作用——对激光器、加速器、显微镜、光谱学及量子信息至关重要——仍大多未被探索。同时，局域化效应被广泛认为是限制随机介质中自由电子与光高效耦合的关键因素。本研究通过布儒斯特异常去局域化与自由电子辐射的非常规相互作用克服了这一关键局限，使自由电子辐射即使在强无序、未工程化的多层膜中也能实现无局域化、高强度且定向的特性。本质上，这种去局域化介导的自由电子辐射不仅对随机介质构型，还对光频率和电子速度具有显著的不变性。本研究的发现为粒子探测器和消色差光源开辟了新机遇，这类设备可在易于制造的复杂介质中，在先前无法触及的频率下运行。
英文摘要
Localization effects are central to disordered electronics and photonics. In electronics, Anderson localization governs electron confinement in randomly perturbed lattices. Similarly, its photonic counterpart inhibits light transport via disorder -- but with a unique exception: Brewster-anomaly delocalization, where the Brewster effect prevents multiple-scattering interference and counteracts the localization. Despite extensive research in electronics and photonics separately, the intricate role of localization effects in free-electron--light interactions -- vital for lasers, accelerators, microscopy and spectroscopy, and quantum information -- remains largely unexplored. At the same time, localization effects are widely regarded as a key factor limiting the efficient coupling between free electrons and light in random media. Here we overcome this key limitation via the unconventional interplay between Brewster-anomaly delocalization and free-electron radiation. In this way, free-electron radiation can be localization-free, intense and directional even in strongly disordered, unengineered multilayers. Essentially, this delocalization-mediated free-electron radiation is remarkably invariant not only to the random-medium configuration, but also to the light frequency and the electron velocity. Our findings unlock new opportunities for particle detectors and achromatic light sources operating in easy-to-fabricate complex media at previously inaccessible frequencies.
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