部分视觉导致主动对齐粒子中意外涌现的集体行为

中文摘要 AI 辅助

Vicsek模型是理解主动对齐粒子集体运动的典型框架，传统上假设各向同性相互作用场。受限于感知和盲区的生物系统启发，我们提出具有两个不同、不重叠的角视锥的广义Vicsek模型。我们通过调节视锥的孔径面积（α）和前后取向（η），系统研究该系统的非平衡相行为。结果表明，限制侧向视区会破坏全局有序、改变临界噪声，并诱导高密度的行波带。此外，打破前后对称性会引入非互易相互作用，深刻改变涌现的空间结构：前向偏向的视觉通过“跟随领导者”对齐驱动强聚类，而后向偏向的对齐则稳定出密度波动受抑制的异常均匀的群集状态。最后，我们纳入短程体积排斥，证明这些新型紧密聚类相的结构完整性对空间位阻相互作用高度敏感。本研究为活性物质中非互易感知、空间各向异性与物理约束之间的相互作用提供了新见解。

英文摘要

The Vicsek Model represents a paradigmatic framework for understanding the collective motion of active aligning particles, traditionally assuming isotropic interaction fields. Inspired by biological systems characterized by limited perception and blind spots, we propose a generalized Vicsek model featuring two distinct, non-overlapping angular vision cones. We systematically investigate the non-equilibrium phase behavior of this system by tuning the aperture area (α) and the front-back orientation (\b{eta}) of the cones. Our results reveal that restricting the lateral vision area destabilizes global order, shifts the critical noise, and induces highly dense traveling bands. Furthermore, breaking the front-back symmetry introduces non-reciprocal interactions that profoundly alter the emergent spatial structures: forward-biased vision drives strong clustering through "follow the leader" alignment, whereas backward-biased alignment stabilizes an exceptionally homogeneous flocking state with suppressed density fluctuations. Finally, we incorporate short-range volume exclusion, demonstrating that the structural integrity of these novel tightly-clustered phases is highly sensitive to steric interactions. Our work provides new insights into the interplay between non-reciprocal perception, spatial anisotropy, and physical constraints in active matter.

发表机构

• Universidad Complutense de Madrid（马德里康普顿斯大学）
• GISC（马德里国际中心）
• Universitat de Barcelona（巴塞罗那大学）

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