基于电子输运的硅中核自旋量子比特的抗噪可扩展量子纠错
Noise-resilient and Scalable Quantum Error Correction for Nuclear Spin Qubits in Silicon with Electron Shuttling
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
针对硅中核自旋量子比特控制测量难的问题，提出电子对干涉测量协议，结合NMR与Zπ旋转实现抗噪完备门组，适配CSS量子纠错，可实现核奇偶性到电子态的相干转移。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
硅中的核自旋量子比特与环境隔离良好，因此具有很长的寿命和较低的噪声敏感性，但这也意味着其控制和测量颇具挑战性。我们提出电子对干涉测量（EPI）协议以克服这一挑战并保持抗噪性，该协议利用一组量子点实现，量子点中包含等电子核自旋量子比特。一对电子被初始化为单重态基态，随后分离并输运至包含核自旋量子比特的量子点中。我们证明可将核的奇偶性相干转移至可测量的单重态/三重态编码电子态上。全局核磁共振（NMR）可用于改变基矢并实现动力学去耦（DD），结合选择性超精细诱导的Zπ旋转，我们的门组对通用量子计算是完备的，适配Calderbank-Shor-Steane（CSS）量子纠错，且具备抗噪性。我们讨论了其对电荷噪声的极低敏感性，并研究了对直流和交流磁场不均匀性的敏感性，该敏感性强烈依赖于两者的相对强度。
英文摘要
Nuclear spin qubits in silicon are well-isolated from their environment. Consequently, they have very long lifetimes and low sensitivity to noise, but this also suggests that control and measurement is challenging. We introduce electron pair interferometry (EPI), a protocol to overcome this challenge and maintain robustness to noise. EPI is implemented using an array of quantum dots with isoelectronic nuclear spin qubits located in the dots. A pair of electrons are initialized into a singlet ground state, split apart, and shuttled to the dots containing nuclear spin qubits. We show it is possible to coherently transfer the parity of the nuclei onto the measurable state of singlet/triplet-encoded electrons. Global nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can be used to change bases and implement dynamical decoupling (DD). Combined with selective hyperfine-induced $Z_π$ rotations, our gate set is complete for universal quantum computation, tailored to Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) quantum error correction, and robust to noise. We discuss very low sensitivity to charge noise and study the sensitivity to both DC and AC magnetic field inhomogeneity which depends strongly on their relative strengths.
