AI 中文总结
该研究提出基于多模光纤和波前整形的单向量子通信复杂度可重构光学平台，经实验和数值模拟验证其性能，为实现量子优势提供了可行硬件方案与路线图。
AI 中文摘要
展示实用的量子优势仍是量子信息科学的核心目标。尽管量子计算优越性在技术上仍具挑战性，但通信复杂度为利用当前光子平台展示量子优势提供了可行途径。本文介绍一种基于多模光纤和波前整形的单向量子通信复杂度可重构光学平台，通过实现已知存在指数级量子-经典通信分离的真实单向量子通信复杂度问题进行实验验证。补充数值模拟表明，该可重构解码架构可支持更通用的单向通信任务且性能相当，同时在不增加硬件复杂度的情况下为更高维度实现提供了途径。综上，这些结果确立了多模光纤波前整形作为单向量子通信复杂度的通用硬件平台，并为更具挑战性的协议提供了具体路线图，其中更强的量子-经典分离可实现量子优势的实用演示。
英文摘要
Demonstrating a practical quantum advantage remains a central goal in quantum information science. While quantum computational supremacy is still technologically demanding, communication complexity offers a promising route to showcase quantum advantage with current photonic platforms. Here we introduce a reconfigurable optical platform for one-way quantum communication complexity based on multimode fibers and wavefront shaping. We experimentally validate it by implementing a genuine one-way quantum communication complexity problem for which an exponential quantum--classical communication separation is known. Complementary numerical simulations show that the same reconfigurable decoding architecture can support more general one-way communication tasks with comparable performance, while also offering a route to higher-dimensional implementations without increasing hardware complexity. Together, these results establish multimode-fiber wavefront shaping as a versatile hardware platform for one-way quantum communication complexity and provide a concrete roadmap toward more demanding protocols, where stronger quantum--classical separations could enable practical demonstrations of quantum advantage.
Comments25 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables; includes Supplementary Material
