利用微波屏蔽的偶极分子构建SU(N)对称哈伯德模型
Engineering SU($N$)-Symmetric Hubbard Models with Microwave-Shielded Dipolar Molecules
AI总结：
该研究利用微波屏蔽偶极分子，通过调节拉比频率实现双子-单体对转换，构建SU(N)对称扩展哈伯德模型，为强偶极区域量子模拟提供路线图。
AI中文摘要：
超冷极性分子具有强且长程的相互作用，微波屏蔽可使该相互作用可调且几乎与核自旋无关，从而产生涌现的SU(N)对称性。然而，迄今为止，光晶格中极性分子的扩展哈伯德模型缺乏可控的有限在位相互作用，而这是强关联物理的关键要素。我们表明，调节微波耦合的拉比频率，可使相邻晶格位点上的两个单个分子（单体）与其中一个位点上的场连接二聚体（双子）共振，实现相干的双子-单体对转换。在该模型中，我们表征了关键哈伯德参数和二聚体寿命，证明在位和离位相互作用可分别通过微波振幅和取向几乎独立地调节。我们的结果为构建具有可控双子涨落的SU(N)对称扩展哈伯德模型提供了路线图，使人们能够在强偶极区域进行量子模拟。
英文摘要：
Ultracold polar molecules provide strong, long-range interactions that microwave shielding makes tunable and nearly nuclear-spin independent, giving an emergent SU($N$) symmetry. However, extended Hubbard models of polar molecules in optical lattices lack, so far, controllable finite on-site interactions, a key ingredient of strong correlated physics. We show that tuning the Rabi frequency of the microwave coupling can bring two individual molecules (monomers) on neighboring lattice sites into resonance with a field-linked dimer (doublon) on one of the sites, enabling coherent doublon--monomer-pair conversion. In this model, we characterize the key Hubbard parameters and the dimer lifetime, demonstrating that the on-site and off-site interactions can be tuned nearly independently through the microwave amplitude and orientation, respectively. Our results provide a roadmap for implementing SU($N$)-symmetric extended Hubbard models with controllable doublon fluctuations, providing access to quantum-simulation in the strongly dipolar regime.
