旋转下的静态夸克-反夸克相互作用
Static Quark-Antiquark Interactions Under Rotation
AI总结：
该研究通过淬火格点模拟，揭示了胶子介质中静态源自由能对虚旋转的位置与几何依赖响应，为旋转下的夸克-反夸克相互作用提供了格点证据。
AI中文摘要：
我们利用虚角动量下的淬火格点模拟，研究旋转SU(3)胶子动力学中的静态夸克-反夸克相互作用。在零温下，我们从威尔逊环提取沿旋转轴对齐的夸克-反夸克对、一个源在旋转轴上的横向对、以及跨旋转轴的对称横向对的静态势。在当前精度范围内，零温势未观测到显著的旋转依赖或各向异性。在有限温下，虚旋转会抑制纵、横几何中从 Polyakov 环关联函数得到的色平均自由能。我们用轴向-对角比较识别出开放边界伪影减少的体区域，在该区域，长程纵自由能偏移可由ΔF_z(R_{xy})=A R_{xy}^2+B 良好描述；横向通道表现出相同的定性抑制，其距离依赖还反映了静态源的径向排列，与体区域中径向单源自由能偏移一致。对于T_c以上的有限温可观测量，响应随温度升高而减弱。这些结果为胶子介质中裸静态源自由能对虚旋转的位置与几何依赖响应提供了格点证据。
英文摘要：
We study static quark--antiquark interactions in rotating SU(3) gluodynamics using quenched lattice simulations at imaginary angular velocity. At zero temperature, we extract the static potential from Wilson loops for quark--antiquark pairs aligned with the rotation axis, for transverse pairs with one source on the rotation axis, and for symmetric transverse pairs across the rotation axis. Within the present accuracy, no significant rotation dependence or anisotropy is observed in the zero-temperature potential. At finite temperature, imaginary rotation suppresses the color-averaged free energies obtained from Polyakov-loop correlators in both longitudinal and transverse geometries. Axial-diagonal comparisons are used to identify a bulk region where open-boundary artifacts are reduced. In this region, the large-distance longitudinal free-energy shift is well described by $ΔF_z(R_{xy})=A R_{xy}^2+B$. The transverse channels exhibit the same qualitative suppression, while their distance dependence additionally reflects the radial arrangement of the static sources and is compatible with a radial single-source free-energy shift in the bulk region. For the finite-temperature observables studied above $T_c$, the response weakens as the temperature is increased. These results provide lattice evidence for a position- and geometry-dependent response of bare static-source free energies to imaginary rotation in a gluonic medium.
