AI 中文总结
本研究提出无需完整实验似然即可更新暗物质极限的统计框架，推导了J因子不确定性对极限影响的解析表达式，可重现已发表极限并扩展至多目标组合，为暗物质研究提供实用补充工具。
AI 中文摘要
利用伽马射线实验对粒子暗物质的间接搜索，已在宽范围暗物质质量上得出大量关于湮灭截面（或衰变寿命）的约束。这些约束高度依赖于假设的天体物理J因子及其不确定性，J因子编码了目标天体中的暗物质分布，是系统不确定性的主要来源。随着观测数据和动力学建模的改进，预计会修正当前的J因子测定值，除非重复完整的实验分析，否则许多已发表的极限值可能会过时。本研究提出一种通用且统计一致的框架，用于在获得修正的J因子估计值时更新已发表的暗物质极限，无需访问完整的实验似然。我们推导了一个解析表达式，量化天体物理不确定性对暗物质极限的影响，同时考虑J因子的高斯和对数正态先验。该形式主义通过玩具蒙特卡罗模拟验证，包括对其在连续重新解释下数值稳定性的专门研究，并通过重现已发表的极限值证明其准确性。最后，我们进一步表明，该形式主义可通过简单的数值程序自然扩展到多个目标的组合，仅使用公开信息即可对极限进行组合和更新。所提出的方法旨在作为一种补充性的重新解释工具，适用于无法进行完整实验重新分析的情况，为在当前和未来实验中保留并扩展已发表暗物质约束的科学相关性提供了实用手段。
英文摘要
Indirect searches for particle dark matter with gamma-ray experiments have produced a large number of constraints on the annihilation cross section (or decay lifetime) over a wide range of dark matter masses. These constraints depend critically on the assumed astrophysical $J$ factor and its uncertainty, which encodes the dark matter distribution in the target and represents the dominant source of systematic uncertainty. As improved observational data and dynamical modeling are expected to revise current $J$-factor determinations, many published limits risk becoming obsolete unless the full experimental analyses are repeated. In this work we present a general and statistically consistent framework for updating published dark matter limits when revised $J$-factor estimates become available, without requiring access to the full experimental likelihood. We derive an analytical expression that quantifies the impact of astrophysical uncertainties on dark matter limits, treating both Gaussian and log-normal priors on the $J$ factor. The formalism is validated through toy Monte Carlo simulations, including dedicated studies of its numerical stability under successive reinterpretations, and demonstrate their accuracy by reproducing published limits. Lastly, we further show that the formalism naturally extends to the combination of multiple targets through a simple numerical procedure, allowing limits to be combined and updated using only publicly available information. The proposed method is intended as a complementary reinterpretation tool for situations in which a complete experimental reanalysis is impractical, offering a practical means to preserve and extend the scientific relevance of published dark matter constraints across present and future experiments.
CommentsAccepted for publication in Physical Review D
Journal refPhys. Rev. D 114, 043006 - Published 4 August, 2026
