AI 中文总结
本文综述了μ原子兰姆移位双光子交换修正、超允许β衰变γW箱辐射修正的从头算核理论最新进展，其方法可跨场景应用，成果影响核电荷半径等研究，为标准模型测试提供支撑。
AI 中文摘要
低能下对标准模型的精确测试正越来越多地受限于核结构理论而非实验。本文综述了两个相关案例：μ原子兰姆移位的双光子交换修正，以及超允许β衰变的γW箱辐射修正。尽管二者探测的物理不同，但均受同一广义强子张量支配，因此为其中一项开发的手征有效场论哈密顿量与流、基于Lanczos的响应方法、贝叶斯不确定性量化可直接应用于另一项。本文总结了轻核的最新从头算进展及其对核电荷半径、氦同位素移位谜题、以及用于顶行CKM幺正性测试的V_ud提取的影响，并给出未来展望。
英文摘要
Precision tests of the Standard Model at low energy are increasingly limited by nuclear-structure theory rather than by experiment. We review two such cases: the two-photon-exchange correction to the Lamb shift in muonic atoms, and the \texorpdfstring{$γW$}{gamma-W} box radiative correction to superallowed \texorpdfstring{$β$}{beta} decays. Although they probe different physics, both are governed by the same generalized hadronic tensor, so that the chiral effective field theory Hamiltonians and currents, Lanczos-based response methods, and Bayesian uncertainty quantification developed for one carry over directly to the other. We summarize recent ab initio progress in light nuclei and its impact on nuclear charge radii, on the helium isotope-shift puzzle, and on the extraction of \texorpdfstring{$V_{ud}$}{Vud} for the top-row CKM unitarity test, and state a future outlook.
Comments36 pages, 5 figures
