AI 中文总结
本研究利用引力波事件GW250114，首次对超越Teukolsky形式主义的理论无关Teukolsky方程偏离给出约束，发现当前约束与Teukolsky方程一致，该简化策略适用于未来高信噪比事件的快速检验。
AI 中文摘要
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA（LVK）合作组近期探测到的引力波事件GW250114，为通过黑洞铃振检验广义相对论（GR）提供了前所未有的精度。本研究首次针对超越Teukolsky形式主义所描述的、与理论无关的Teukolsky方程偏离给出了约束界。该形式主义直接关联Teukolsky方程中有效势层面的微扰方程偏离与准正则模（QNM）谱的变化。我们将LVK完整的旋进-并合-铃振分析得到的最终质量与自旋信息作为参数化先验纳入分析，以反映理论不确定性。利用公开的LVK关于与理论无关的阻尼正弦参数的后验信息，我们随后展示了对超越Teukolsky势的约束程度。高信噪比（SNR）使我们无需对所有参数进行昂贵的全贝叶斯分析，可直接仅对基模QNM使用简化似然。该策略对未来更高SNR的事件具有应用前景，原则上可在不执行完整数据分析流程的情况下，快速简单地检验超越GR的理论。我们报告称，当前对偏离参数的约束与Teukolsky方程一致。
英文摘要
The recent gravitational-wave detection GW250114 by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration provides unprecedented precision for testing general relativity (GR) through black hole ringdowns. In this study, we provide the first bounds on theory-agnostic deviations from the Teukolsky equation as described by the beyond-Teukolsky formalism. It directly connects deviations in the perturbation equations on the level of the effective potential in the Teukolsky equation with changes in the quasinormal mode (QNM) spectrum. We incorporate information on the final mass and spin from a full LVK inspiral-merger-ringdown analysis as parametrized priors in our analysis, reflecting theoretical uncertainties. Using publicly available LVK posterior information on agnostic damped sinusoid parameters, we then demonstrate how much beyond-Teukolsky potentials can be constrained. The high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) allows us to avoid the expensive full Bayesian analysis of all parameters and to work directly with a simplified likelihood for the fundamental QNM only. This strategy is promising for future events with even higher SNR and allows, in principle, for a quick and simple test of theories beyond GR without performing the full data analysis procedure. We report that current bounds on deviation parameters are in agreement with the Teukolsky equation.
Comments9 pages, 3 figures
