HARMONI@ELT：仪器设计、性能与科学能力
HARMONI@ELT: instrument design, performance, and science capabilities
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文介绍ELT的主力近红外积分场光谱仪HARMONI经范围调整后的现状，详述其架构、自适应光学模式、技术性能及项目进展，以支撑系外行星、星系等多领域科学研究。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
HARMONI是极大望远镜（ELT）的积分场光谱仪，作为ELT的主力近红外光谱仪，它将在0.75-2.4微米波长范围内提供衍射极限角分辨率的空间分辨光谱，解决从系外行星大气表征到再电离时期星系内部运动学等科学问题。本文介绍HARMONI项目经近期范围调整后的现状，描述新仪器架构、关键子系统及三种自适应光学模式：单共轭自适应光学（SCAO）、由MORFEO提供的多共轭自适应光学（MCAO）、高对比度自适应光学（HCAO）；给出顶层技术规格及预期的 Strehl比、PSF半高全宽、天区覆盖、灵敏度、天体测量精度等在轨性能；介绍含新领导层及项目管理办公室（PMO）的新项目架构，并提供项目进度及仪器交付路径的更新。
英文摘要
HARMONI is the integral field spectrograph for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). Designed as the primary workhorse near-infrared spectrograph of the ELT, it will deliver spatially resolved spectroscopy at diffraction-limited angular resolution over the wavelength range 0.75 - 2.4 um, addressing science questions ranging from the characterization of exoplanet atmospheres to the internal kinematics of galaxies at the epoch of reionization. This paper presents the current status of the HARMONI project following its recent rescope, describing the new instrument architecture, its key subsystems, and the three adaptive optics modes (Single Conjugate AO (SCAO), Multi-Conjugate AO (MCAO) provided by MORFEO, and High Contrast AO (HCAO)). We present the top-level technical specifications and the expected on-sky performance in terms of Strehl ratio, PSF FWHM, sky coverage, sensitivity, and astrometric accuracy. We describe the new project organization, with a new leadership and Project Management Office (PMO), and provide an update on the project schedule and the path toward instrument delivery.
