AI 中文总结
该研究开发含夸克的格点SU($N_c$)规范理论量子模拟框架，用32个量子比特在小型格点上完成格点量子色动力学无噪声模拟，首次在三维空间展示θ角效应等关键物理现象。
AI 中文摘要
我们开发了一个含夸克的格点SU($N_c$)规范理论的量子模拟框架，在二维和三维空间中考虑了交错费米子和威尔逊格点费米子，三维中包含θ角。物理的、规范不变的希尔伯特空间以表示基形式构建，其中规范和费米自由度由SU($N_c$)的不可约表示编码，每个格点处的张量积包含单态。我们讨论了在量子计算机上模拟时间演化的算法，并在小型格点上对格点量子色动力学（$N_c=3$）开展了无噪声模拟，使用了多达32个量子比特，首次在三维空间中展示了θ角效应、强子态、弦动力学以及重子化学势。
英文摘要
We develop a framework for quantum simulations of lattice SU($N_c$) gauge theory with quarks. Staggered and Wilson lattice fermions are considered in two and three spatial dimensions and a theta angle is included in three dimensions. The physical, gauge-invariant Hilbert space is formulated in a representation basis, where gauge and fermionic degrees of freedom are encoded by irreducible representations of SU($N_c$) that tensor at each lattice site to contain a singlet. We discuss algorithms for simulating time evolution on quantum computers and carry out noiseless simulations of lattice quantum chromodynamics ($N_c=3$) on small lattices with up to 32 qubits, showcasing theta angle effects, hadronic states, string dynamics, and a baryon chemical potential for the first time in three spatial dimensions.
Comments70 pages, 21 figures
