FleetScape：用于可扩展无人机机群空间监督与控制的混合现实沙盘
FleetScape: A Mixed Reality Sandtable for Spatial Supervision and Control of Scalable Drone Fleets
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究提出混合现实沙盘系统FleetScape，通过空间交互优化无人机机群监督，经用户研究验证其对态势感知和控制切换的作用，同时得出相关设计启示。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
随着自主无人机部署规模从单架扩展到协同机群，操作员的角色从直接驾驶转变为高层监督。当前界面常将多无人机控制视为单无人机操作的放大版本，我们转而研究将机群监督重新定义为空间交互，以更好支持复杂任务的空间、时间及安全需求。我们提出FleetScape，这是一种混合现实（MR）沙盘系统，可外化分层的实时任务、安全及环境数据，同时支持手动干预与自主监督之间的流畅切换。我们开发了高保真的建筑检查模拟，生成并同步多无人机与环境数据，用于MR可视化。我们使用该原型开展用户研究，6名经验丰富的无人机飞行员管理最多15架无人机的机群。研究发现，FleetScape通过分层空间表示支持态势感知，并明确控制模式切换；但随着机群规模增大，态势感知存在局限，导致不同的监督策略。最后，我们推导了支持可扩展无人机机群监督的设计启示。
英文摘要
As autonomous drone deployments scale from individual units to coordinated swarms, the human operator's role shifts from direct piloting to high-level supervision. Current interfaces often treat multi-drone control as a scaled-up version of single-drone operation. We instead investigate how reframing fleet supervision as spatial interaction can better support the spatial, temporal, and safety demands of complex missions. We present FleetScape, a Mixed Reality (MR) sandtable system that externalizes layered real-time mission, safety, and environmental data while enabling fluid transitions between manual intervention and autonomous supervision. We developed a high-fidelity building inspection simulation that generates and streams synchronized multi-drone and environmental data for MR visualizations. We used this prototype to conduct a user study with six experienced drone pilots managing fleets of up to 15 drones. Our findings show that FleetScape supports situational awareness through layered spatial representations and clarifies control mode transitions. However, a limit to situational awareness was observed as fleet size increases, leading to different supervisory strategies. Finally, we derive design implications for supporting scalable drone fleet supervision.
发表机构
- University of Toulouse, Fédération ENAC ISAE-SUPAERO ONERA（图卢兹大学、法国航空航天学校联合会、高等航空航天学院、法国航空航天研究院）
- CNRS, IPAL（法国国家科学研究中心、IPAL机构）
- National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）
- National University of Singapore, Augmented Human Lab（新加坡国立大学增强人类实验室）
- National University of Singapore, School of Computing（新加坡国立大学计算机学院）
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