发表机构
University of Utah; University of Utah Research Fund; University of Utah Institutional Review Board（犹他大学; 犹他大学研究基金; 犹他大学机构审查委员会）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出与传感器放置位置无关的声肌图控制系统，经最少校准可实现1/2自由度连续控制，在颈脊髓损伤者和健康人上验证了性能，算法已开源。
AI 中文摘要
声肌图（SMG）可通过超声测量的肌肉变形信号实现设备的连续控制，但现有SMG界面通常需要大量针对用户和传感器位置的特定训练数据，且仅提供一个比例信号或特定任务的分类结果。我们提出了一种基于稀疏光流跟踪的实时、与传感器放置位置无关的SMG控制系统，该系统在最少校准（3个姿势定义）后即可实现连续1自由度（1-DOF）控制。我们还展示了该方法的初步扩展，即通过简短的计算机辅助校准增强算法，以实现2自由度（2-DOF）控制。我们对1-DOF和2-DOF系统的性能进行了评估，评估对象为3名颈脊髓损伤幸存者和6名未受伤个体组成的初步队列，传感器放置位置涵盖手臂、颈部和上躯干共6处。通过光标轨迹跟踪任务评估，所有参与者在所有测试的传感器位置（甚至依赖被动组织运动的位置）均实现了连续1-DOF控制，且所有参与者在至少一个放置位置的跟踪误差均小于5.5%（许多位置的误差小于4%）。所有参与者还能够通过2-DOF系统调节二维光标位置，控制能力水平各异，部分参与者还能完成二维绘图任务，据我们所知，这是首次展示与位置无关的多自由度连续SMG控制。这些结果凸显了SMG在助力四肢瘫痪用户实现可快速校准、高维度、与传感器放置位置无关的设备控制方面的潜力，同时也揭示了信号处理和实际系统部署中的关键挑战。为方便科学界和用户社区进一步开发，所开发的算法已作为SimTK上OpenMyoControl项目的一部分开源。
英文摘要
Sonomyography (SMG) enables continuous device control via ultrasound-measured muscle deformation signals, but existing SMG interfaces generally require substantial user- and sensor-location-specific training data and provide only one proportional signal or task-specific classification. We present a real-time, sensor-placement-agnostic SMG control system based on sparse optical flow tracking that enables continuous 1-DOF control after minimal calibration (3 pose definitions). We also present a preliminary expansion of this method that augments this algorithm with a short computer-aided calibration to enable 2-DOF control. We evaluate both 1- and 2-DOF systems' performance for a preliminary cohort of 3 cervical spinal cord injury survivors and 6 uninjured individuals across 6 sensor placements spanning the arm, neck, and upper torso. As assessed by a cursor trajectory tracking task, all participants achieved continuous 1-DOF control at all tested sensor locations (even those that relied on passive tissue motions), with all participants achieving <5.5% tracking error using at least one placement (and many <4% across many). All participants were also able to modulate 2D cursor position via the 2-DOF system, with varying levels of control authority, and several were able to complete a 2D drawing task, constituting the first (to our knowledge) demonstration of location-agnostic multi-DOF continuous SMG-based control. These results highlight the promise of SMG to enable rapidly calibratable, high-dimensional, sensor-placement-agnostic device control by users with tetraplegia, and also illuminate key challenges in both signal processing and practical system deployment. To enable further development by scientific and user communities, developed algorithms have been open-sourced as part of the OpenMyoControl project on SimTK (simtk.org/projects/openmyocontrol).
CommentsVikram Athithan, Emma Ferran, Maria Herrera, and Carson J. Wynn contributed equally to this work. Copyright 2026 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media
