AI 中文总结
本研究针对AI数据中心发展受供电、互联及冷却制约的问题，开发耦合WtE的冷却廊道筛选框架，通过品位匹配提供冷却，经案例验证其可实现电力节省与规模适配，明确了WtE耦合冷却的可行性及约束条件。
AI 中文摘要
AI数据中心的发展日益受到可供电量、互联容量和冷却需求有限的制约。本研究开发了一种边界一致的框架，用于筛选耦合垃圾发电（WtE）的AI数据中心冷却方案，该框架将冷却视为一种可通过品位匹配提供的能源服务，而非仅通过电力驱动的机械制冷实现。框架考虑热衰减、吸收转换以及输送和辅助设备的寄生电力，将工厂侧可输出热量转化为廊道级规划指标。在参考案例中，一座日处理1500吨城市生活垃圾、热值为10 MJ/kg的合规WtE工厂可提供约78.1 MWth的可输出热量；在20公里廊道处，扣除寄生负荷后，可获得约53.0 MW的输送冷却量和8.0 MWe的净冷却电力节省量。该耦合系统由运行工况而非单一效率值主导；在基准假设下，完全热覆盖延伸至约20.9公里，质量调整标准在约22.9公里内保持正值，净电力缓解在约44.7公里内保持正值。对于利用率为70%的1 GW IT园区和5公里廊道，不同场景下的净电网缓解量约为116.9至264.4 MW；所需WtE设施规模约为3至148座代表性工厂，或在25%替代目标下为0.6至40座满负荷等效工厂。该框架用于筛选和对比，而非项目特定的水力或工厂循环设计，可判断WtE耦合冷却的廊道可行性、混合运行需求及基础设施规模的约束情况。
英文摘要
AI data-center growth is increasingly constrained by limited deliverable electricity, interconnection capacity, and cooling demand. This study develops a boundary-consistent screening framework for waste-to-energy (WtE)-coupled AI data-center cooling. It treats cooling as an energy service that can be supplied through grade matching rather than only through electricity-driven mechanical chilling. The framework translates plant-side exportable heat into corridor-level planning metrics by accounting for thermal attenuation, absorption conversion, and parasitic electricity for delivery and auxiliaries. In a reference case, a regulated WtE plant processing 1500 t/day of municipal solid waste at 10 MJ/kg provides about 78.1 MWth of exportable heat. At a 20 km corridor, this yields about 53.0 MW of delivered cooling and 8.0 MWe of net avoided cooling electricity after parasitic loads. The coupled system is governed by operating regimes rather than a single efficiency score. Under baseline assumptions, full thermal coverage extends to about 20.9 km, the quality-adjusted criterion remains positive to about 22.9 km, and net electricity relief remains positive to about 44.7 km. For a 1 GW IT campus at 70 percent utilization and a 5 km corridor, net grid relief ranges from about 116.9 to 264.4 MW across scenarios. The required WtE footprint ranges from about 3 to 148 representative plants, or 0.6 to 40 full-load-equivalent plants at a 25 percent displacement target. The framework identifies when WtE-coupled cooling is corridor-feasible, when hybrid operation is required, and when infrastructure scale becomes the binding constraint. It is intended for screening and comparison, not project-specific hydraulic or plant-cycle design.
Journal refThermo2026
