k 着色比计算色数更快
k-Coloring is Faster than Computing the Chromatic Number
- Tel Aviv University(特拉维夫大学)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。
AI总结:
研究 k 着色问题,通过推广和结合相关工具及新算法,得到从(k + 1)列表着色到 k 列表着色的可迭代归约,证明 k 着色有运行时间为(2 - ε_k)^n 的随机算法,解决了长期开放问题。
AI中文摘要:
我们证明,在 n 顶点图上进行 k 着色有一个随机算法,运行时间为(2 - ε_k)^n,其中对于每个固定的 k,ε_k > 0。此前,仅知道 k ≤ 6 的情况有比计算色数的一般 O^\star(2^n)时间算法更快的解决方案。我们通过推广和结合[Zamir, ICALP 2021]中从(k + 2)着色到 k 列表着色的归约工具以及[Zamir, STOC 2023]中基于超图容器的方法解决了这个长期存在的开放问题。结合用于混合长和短颜色列表的列表着色实例的新算法,这产生了从(k + 1)列表着色到固定调色板上的 k 列表着色的可迭代归约。
英文摘要:
We prove that $k$-coloring on $n$-vertex graphs has a randomized algorithm running in time $(2-\varepsilon_k)^n$, where $\varepsilon_k>0$ for every fixed $k$. Previously, only the cases $k\leq 6$ were known to have faster solutions than the general $O^\star\bigl(2^n\bigr)$ time algorithm of [Björklund, Husfeldt, Koivisto, SICOMP 2009] that computes the chromatic number. In fact, our algorithm solves the more general problem of $k$-list-coloring, even when the overall color palette is of unbounded size. We resolve this long-standing open problem by generalizing and combining tools from the $(k+2)$-coloring to $k$-list-coloring reduction of [Zamir, ICALP 2021] and the hypergraph-containers based approach in [Zamir, STOC 2023]. Together with new algorithms for list-coloring instances mixing long and short color lists, this yields an iterable reduction from $(k+1)$-list-coloring to $k$-list-coloring over arbitrary palettes.