AI 中文总结
该研究利用MeerKAT及升级后的uGMRT观测十个射电星系样本，进行形态和光谱分析，重新审视分类方案，研究新射电特征及相互作用机制，通过图像和光谱揭示复杂结构与辐射老化，强调需改进模型描述射电星系演化。
AI 中文摘要
本文对使用MeerKAT在L波段（856 - 1712 MHz）和升级后的巨型米波射电望远镜在4波段（550 - 850 MHz）观测的十个射电星系样本进行了详细的形态和光谱分析。主要目标是重新审视经典射电星系的当前分类方案，研究喷流、叶瓣和热点中新射电特征的性质，这些特征因当前射电干涉仪的灵敏度和成像能力而日益增多，并提出射电等离子体与外部介质之间以前未探索的相互作用机制。样本包括来自4C目录的FR I、FR II、广角和窄角尾源以及来自FR0CAT的FR 0射电星系，红移范围为0.04 - 0.20。给出了高角分辨率（约4″ - 10″）的总强度图像，揭示了这些源的喷流、叶瓣和热点中的复杂结构。利用观测和存档数据的流量密度测量构建的源的积分光谱揭示了表明辐射老化的光谱断裂和斜率，年龄跨度约为40 - 242 Myr。虽然样本大致证实了经典的FR分类作为一个有用的一阶方案，但源的射电发射中的子结构突出了需要纳入环境复杂性和间歇性喷流活动的模型来全面描述射电星系演化的必要性。
英文摘要
This paper presents a detailed morphological and spectral analysis of a sample of ten radio galaxies observed with the MeerKAT in L-band ($856\, \text{-}\,1712\ \mathrm{MHz}$) and the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope in Band-4 ($550\,\text{-}\,850\ \mathrm{MHz}$). Our main goals are to revisit the current classification scheme for classical radio galaxies and study the properties of new radio features in jets, lobes and hot spots, which are becoming increasingly numerous due to the sensitivity and imaging capabilities of current radio interferometers, and suggest previous unexplored interaction mechanisms between the radio plasma and the external medium. The sample from the 4C catalogue includes FR I, FR II, wide-angle and narrow-angle tailed sources as well as FR 0 radio galaxies from FR0CAT, with redshifts ranging from $0.04\,\text{-}\,0.20$. The high angular resolution, $\sim4^{\prime\prime}\text{-}10^{\prime\prime}$ total intensity images are presented, revealing complex structures in the jets, lobes and hotspots of these sources. The integrated spectra of the sources, constructed using flux density measurements from our observations and archival data, reveal spectral breaks and slopes indicative of radiative ageing, with ages spanning $\sim40\,\text{-}\,242\ \mathrm{Myr}$. While the sample broadly confirms the classical FR classification as a useful first-order scheme, the substructures within the radio emission of sources highlight the need for models that incorporate environmental complexity and episodic jet activity to fully describe radio-galaxy evolution.
Comments19 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Journal refMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2026, stag1224
