AI 中文总结
通过将广义涌现暗能量（GEDE）模型与多种宇宙学数据对比，发现其与ΛCDM兼容，关键参数Δ与ΛCDM值在2σ内一致，未缓解宇宙学张力，在观测上与ΛCDM无区分，不支持DESI DR2暗示的行为。
AI 中文摘要
在这项工作中，我们通过将广义涌现暗能量（GEDE）模型与DESI DR2重子声学振荡测量结果、ACT、SPT和普朗克的联合CMB数据以及包括Pantheon⁺、DES - Dovekie和Union3在内的Ia型超新星样本进行对比，对该模型进行了重新审视。我们发现，当所有数据集结合时，GEDE模型与ΛCDM范式保持兼容，在偏差方面没有统计学上的显著偏好。特别是，一旦纳入Ia型超新星数据，关键模型参数Δ在2σ范围内与ΛCDM值Δ = 0一致。尽管总体上相符，但GEDE模型并未表现出DESI DR2所暗示的幻像穿越。暗能量状态方程w(z)的演化表明，该模型根据数据集组合，要么表现为完全幻像（w < -1），要么表现为精质（w > -1），没有明显跨越w = -1的转变。当纳入Pantheon⁺数据时，模型紧密收敛于w ≃ -¹的ΛCDM。GEDE模型并未缓解现有的宇宙学张力。推断的H₀值仍在67.9 - 69.8 km s⁻¹ Mpc⁻¹范围内，而声视界r_d和聚类参数S₈与ΛCDM保持一致，未能解决H₀和S₈张力。最后，高斯显著性水平（<2σ）和贝叶斯证据（ln Bᵢ,ⱼ < 1）均表明，相对于ΛCDM，对GEDE没有统计学上的显著偏好。我们得出结论，尽管DESI DR2暗示了动态暗能量，但GEDE模型在观测上与ΛCDM无法区分，并且不支持DESI DR2所暗示的Quintom - B型行为。
英文摘要
In this work, we revisit the generalized emergent dark energy model by confronting it with DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation measurements, in combination with joint CMB data from ACT, SPT, and Planck, as well as Type Ia supernova samples including Pantheon$^+$, DES-Dovekie, and Union3. We find that the GEDE model remains compatible with the $Λ$CDM paradigm, with no statistically significant preference for deviations when all datasets are combined. In particular, the key model parameter $Δ$ is consistent with the $Λ$CDM value $Δ= 0$ within $2σ$ once SNe Ia data are included. Despite this overall agreement, the GEDE model does not exhibit the phantom crossing suggested by DESI DR2. Instead, the evolution of the dark energy equation of state $w(z)$ indicates that the model behaves either as a full phantom ($w < -1$) or quintessence ($w > -1$), depending on the dataset combination, without a clear transition across $w = -1$. When Pantheon$^+$ data are included, the model converges closely to $Λ$CDM with $w \simeq -1$. The GEDE model does not alleviate the existing cosmological tensions. The inferred values of $H_0$ remain in the range $67.9$-$69.8\ \mathrm{km,s^{-1},Mpc^{-1}}$, while the sound horizon $r_d$ and clustering parameter $S_8$ remain consistent with $Λ$CDM, failing to resolve the $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions. Finally, both Gaussian significance levels ($<2σ$) and Bayesian evidence ($\ln B_{i,j} < 1$) indicate no statistically significant preference for GEDE over $Λ$CDM. We conclude that, although DESI DR2 hints at dynamical dark energy, the GEDE model remains observationally indistinguishable from $Λ$CDM and does not support the Quintom-B-type behavior suggested by DESI DR2.
Comments11 pages, 3 figures, Published in Physics of the Dark Universe, Volume 53 (2026), Article 102383
DOI：10.1016/j.dark.2026.102383
