论蛋白质翻译中夹带的代价
On the Cost of Entrainment in Protein Translation
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究核糖体流动模型中周期性协调对蛋白质翻译的影响，通过比较正周期转换率与恒定速率系统的平均蛋白质生产率，证明周期性调制不会增加产量，建立了时间协调与翻译效率的权衡关系。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
生物系统常使其动态与周期性环境和细胞内信号同步。然而，这种周期性协调能否提升性能尚不明晰。在此，我们在核糖体流动模型中研究此问题，该模型是翻译过程中核糖体沿mRNA转录本移动的非线性动力学模型。我们比较了正周期转换率下的平均蛋白质生产率与通过将每个速率替换为其时间平均值得到的恒定速率系统的生产率。我们证明周期性调制绝不会提高平均蛋白质产量：夹带增益始终非正。此外，当且仅当所有转换速率共享其平均值的共同正周期调制时，增益为零。这种特殊调制仅重新参数化时间，且不改变状态空间轨迹。因此，任何真正不均匀的时间调制都会严格降低平均蛋白质产量。我们的结果在时间协调与翻译效率之间建立了基本权衡：夹带可使翻译与周期性细胞程序同步，但这种同步需付出可量化的生产成本。
英文摘要
Biological systems often synchronize their dynamics with periodic environmental and intracellular signals. Whether such periodic coordination can also improve performance, however, remains unclear. Here, we study this question in the ribosome flow model, a nonlinear dynamical model of ribosome movement along an mRNA transcript during translation. We compare the average protein production rate under positive periodic transition rates with that of a constant-rate system obtained by replacing each rate by its temporal average. We prove that periodic modulation can never increase average protein production: the gain of entrainment is always nonpositive. Moreover, the gain is zero if and only if all transition rates share a common positive periodic modulation of their mean values. This exceptional modulation merely reparametrizes time and leaves the trajectory through state space unchanged. Thus, any genuinely nonuniform temporal modulation strictly reduces average protein production. Our results establish a fundamental tradeoff between temporal coordination and translational efficiency: entrainment can synchronize translation with periodic cellular programs, but this synchronization comes at a quantifiable production cost.
