AI 中文总结
研究将非局域马约拉纳极化概念扩展到非厄米领域，通过考虑双正交本征态及探索不同非厄米超导系统展示其效用，能区分多种态，还引入极化灵敏度概念，发现非厄米性可增强马约拉纳零模鲁棒性。
AI 中文摘要
非局域马约拉纳极化被定义为系统相对两半处粒子-空穴算符期望值的乘积，已被证明是确定厄米拓扑超导体系中马约拉纳零模的存在和质量的可靠拓扑指标。本文通过考虑双正交本征态将非局域马约拉纳极化概念扩展到非厄米领域，并通过探索不同的非厄米超导系统展示其效用。特别表明，马约拉纳极化可区分非厄米超导体中的马约拉纳零模、平凡零能态和例外点。还引入非局域马约拉纳极化灵敏度概念来表征非厄米性对马约拉纳极化的贡献。作为副产品，发现非厄米性增强马约拉纳零模鲁棒性，此性质由非局域马约拉纳极化体现。
英文摘要
The nonlocal Majorana polarization, defined as the product of the expectation values of the particle-hole operator at opposite halves of the system, has been shown to be a reliable topological indicator that determines the presence and quality of Majorana zero modes in Hermitian topological superconducting setups. In this work, we extend the concept of nonlocal Majorana polarization to the non-Hermitian realm by taking into account the biorthogonal eigenstates and demonstrate its utility by exploring distinct non-Hermitian superconducting systems. In particular, we show that the Majorana polarization can distinguish between Majorana zero modes, trivial zero-energy states, and exceptional points in non-Hermitian superconductors. Also, we introduce the concept of nonlocal Majorana polarization sensitiviy for characterizing the contribution of non-Hermiticity to Majorana polarization. As a byproduct, we find that non-Hermiticity enhances Majorana zero modes robustness, a property captured by the nonlocal Majorana polarization.
Comments9 pages, 6 figures
