AI 中文总结
研究利用成都现场部署的空芯光纤网络，在共传播经典流量下通过中间贝尔态测量实现量子隐形传态。该网络能保持光子量子比特长期不可区分性，拉曼噪声低，为量子网络建立经典数据兼容框架，提供通往量子互联网的新途径。
AI 中文摘要
当一个光子与纠缠光子对中的一个成员共同投影到贝尔态测量（BSM）上时，光子的量子态可以转移到该对的远距离伙伴上，而无需物理传输这个信息载体。然而，在实际部署中，隐形传态性能从根本上受到量子通道损伤的限制，如损耗、噪声和波动，这些会导致严重的退相干并降低保真度。在存在大量经典数据流量或背景光的场景中，这种脆弱性会进一步加剧。实现可扩展的量子网络取决于开发先进的通道架构，能够在共享基础设施内支持高保真量子操作和高容量经典通信。为此，空芯光纤（HCF）通过将类似自由空间的弱光与物质相互作用和基于光纤系统的稳定性相结合，提供了一种有前途的量子通道资源。在这里，利用在成都现场部署的跨越三个空间分离节点的城域HCF网络，我们在共传播经典流量下通过中间BSM实现了量子隐形传态。至关重要的是，HCF链路在没有主动稳定的情况下保持了光子量子比特的长期不可区分性，并且表现出比标准实芯光纤低约三个数量级的拉曼噪声。这种噪声抑制使得即使在高达160 mW的经典发射功率下也能实现稳健的量子隐形传态。我们的发现为通过已部署的光纤基础设施进行量子网络建立了一个经典数据兼容框架，并为量子互联网提供了一种与波长无关、即插即用和自由运行的途径。
英文摘要
When a photon and one member of an entangled photon pair are jointly projected onto a Bell-state measurement (BSM), the quantum state of the photon can be transferred to the distant partner of the pair without physically transmitting this information carrier. In real-world deployment, however, teleportation performance is fundamentally bottlenecked by quantum channel impairments, such as loss, noise, and fluctuations, which induce severe decoherence and degrade fidelity. This vulnerability is further exacerbated in scenarios with intense classical data traffic or background light. Realizing scalable quantum networks, therefore, hinges on developing advanced channel architectures capable of supporting both high-fidelity quantum operations and high-capacity classical communications within a shared infrastructure. Towards this end, hollow core fibre (HCF) offers a promising quantum channel resource by combining free-space-like weak light-matter interaction with the stability of fibre-based systems. Here, utilizing a field-deployed metropolitan HCF network spanning three spatially separated nodes in Chengdu, we achieve quantum teleportation with an intermediate BSM under co-propagating classical traffic. Crucially, the HCF links preserve the long-term indistinguishability of photonic qubits without active stabilization, and exhibit a Raman noise approximately three orders of magnitude lower than that of standard solid-core counterparts. This noise suppression enables robust quantum teleportation even alongside classical launch powers up to 160 mW. Our findings establish a classical-data-compatible framework for quantum networking over deployed fibre infrastructure and offer a wavelength-agnostic, plug-and-play, and free-running pathway toward the quantum internet.
Comments12 pages, 5 figures
