AI 中文总结
研究在空芯光纤链路中实现基于纠缠的量子密钥与数据共存，采用时间编码高维量子密钥分发方法，获得一定的双向接收功率和平均密钥率，相比传统系统性能显著提升，展现空芯光纤在量子-经典共存方面的潜力。
AI 中文摘要
量子信息与经典信号在单根光纤中共存对未来利用现有光纤基础设施的量子网络至关重要。复用技术虽能分离量子与经典信号，但纯二氧化硅芯光纤受高非线性限制。空芯光纤光主要在空气中传播，具有超低非线性和强抑制非线性噪声的优势。本文展示了在18公里空芯光纤链路中基于纠缠的密钥与数据共存。实现了携带0 dBm双向接收功率的时间编码高维量子密钥分发，理论数据容量高达2.3 Tbps。连续运行24小时平均密钥率为10.56 kbps。理论分析预测使用先进低损耗空芯光纤在超200公里传输距离上密钥率超135 kbps。结果表明相比基于纯二氧化硅芯光纤的系统性能显著提升，凸显空芯光纤在可扩展量子-经典共存方面与现有光纤网络架构兼容的潜力。
英文摘要
The coexistence of quantum information and classical signals in a single fiber is essential for future quantum networks that leverage the well-established optical fiber infrastructure. Although multiplexing technologies can separate quantum and classical signals, pure silica core fibers (PSCFs) remain fundamentally limited by the high nonlinearity, which generates substantial Raman scattering and four-wave mixing noise. Hollow-core fibers (HCFs), guiding light predominantly in air, offer an attractive solution with intrinsically ultra-low nonlinearity and strongly suppressed nonlinear noise. In this work, we demonstrate the entanglement-based key coexisting with data over an 18-km HCF link. We achieve time-encoded high-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) carrying 0 dBm of bidirectional received power, corresponding to a theoretical data capacity of up to 2.3 Tbps. During 24 hours of continuous operation, an average secret key rate (SKR) of 10.56 kbps is obtained. Theoretical analysis further predicts SKRs above 135 kbps over transmission distances exceeding 200 km using state-of-the-art low-loss HCFs. These results show significantly improved performance compared with PSCF-based systems and highlight the potential of HCFs for scalable quantum-classical coexistence compatible with the architectures of established fiber-optic networks.
Comments10 pages, 5 figures
