AI 中文总结
研究北斗卫星系统早期卫星接近寿命末期，用激光卫星替换微波卫星的序列规划问题，通过建立整数线性规划模型和优先级感知搜索启发式算法，实现更优混合网络演变，为北斗替换规划提供决策支持和工程指导。
AI 中文摘要
第三代北斗导航卫星系统（BDS-3）早期卫星接近设计寿命末期，星座渐进式替换成为必然工程任务。激光星间链路为未来北斗卫星提供升级路径。本文从组网角度研究用激光卫星逐步替换传统微波卫星的替换序列规划问题。主要贡献有：将北斗渐进式替换表述为基于激光-微波混合星座状态演变的网络感知发射序列规划问题；建立整数线性规划模型评估候选发射行动组网增益；引入优先级感知搜索启发式算法减少行动评估空间。基于实际BDS-3星座的仿真表明，所提替换序列比历史发射顺序有更优混合网络演变，能为北斗未来发展提供网络感知决策支持工具及工程指导。
英文摘要
The early satellites of the third-generation BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) are approaching the end of their design lifetime, making progressive constellation replacement an inevitable engineering task. Meanwhile, laser inter-satellite links (LISLs) provide high-precision time transfer, sub-millimeter-level ranging, and high-rate data forwarding capabilities, offering a promising upgrade path for future BeiDou satellites. This paper investigates the replacement-sequence planning problem for progressively replacing legacy microwave satellites with laser-enabled satellites from a networking perspective. To address this problem, three main contributions are made: (i) BeiDou progressive replacement is formulated as a network-aware launch sequence planning problem over evolving laser--microwave hybrid constellation states; (ii) an integer linear programming (ILP) model is developed to evaluate the networking gain of each candidate launch action under practical engineering constraints; and (iii) a priority-aware search heuristic is introduced to reduce the action evaluation space for efficient round-wise decision making. Simulations based on the actual BDS-3 constellation demonstrate that the proposed replacement sequence achieves a more favorable hybrid-network evolution than the historical BDS-3 launch order, including earlier formation of a ground-accessible laser-enhanced network structure, better utilization of laser-link resources, fewer residual non-anchor satellites, and lower microwave-layer waiting delay. The proposed framework can serve as a network-aware decision-support tool for future BeiDou evolution, and the resulting replacement sequence can provide direct engineering guidance for BeiDou replacement planning.
Comments18 pages, 13 figures
