AI 中文总结
研究人工胶体冰中基态转变，通过旋转外部磁场引入各向异性相互作用，观察到最终构型与场旋转速率ω有关，高角速度下有无缺陷最终状态，低速率时系统陷入部分有序亚稳态。
AI 中文摘要
在人工胶体冰（ACI）中，顺磁胶体粒子被限制在双阱中，并通过可由外部磁场控制的排斥性、各向同性磁偶极 - 偶极相互作用相互作用。本文中，我们通过旋转外部磁场向ACI动态引入各向异性相互作用，在平衡状态下，使系统从无电荷的2进2出冰规则状态转变为有电荷的4进4出状态。我们观察到最终构型强烈依赖于场的旋转速率ω：在高角速度下，系统通过从初始基态的无扩散转变实现无缺陷的最终状态。然而，与直觉相反，在低旋转速率下，遍历性失效，使系统陷入部分有序的亚稳态。
英文摘要
In Artificial Colloidal Ice (ACI), paramagnetic colloidal particles are confined in double-well traps and interact via repulsive, isotropic, magnetic dipole-dipole interactions that can be controlled by an external magnetic field. In this paper, we dynamically introduce anisotropic interactions to ACI by rotating the external magnetic field, which, in equilibrium, makes the system go from a charge-free 2-in, 2-out ice rule state, to a charged 4-in, 4-out state. We observe a strong dependence of the final configuration on the field's rotation rate $ω$: at high angular velocity, the system achieves a defect free final state via a difussionless transformation from the initial ground state. However, counterintuitively, at slow rotation rates, ergodicity breaks down, trapping the system in a partially ordered metastable state.
Comments8 pages, 5 figures. Submitted
