AI 中文总结
研究通过对含中央类星体的星系团H1821+643的X射线观测，利用高分辨率光谱发现异常加宽发射线，估算类星体在星系尺度外注入能量占辐射能量1%-10%，远超此前估计，凸显类星体模式反馈对高红移星系和星系团演化的关键调节作用。
AI 中文摘要
类星体是最亮的天体之一，由超大质量黑洞吸积供能，其通过类星体模式反馈影响宇宙演化，但该过程效率和空间范围尚不清楚。本文展示对含中央类星体的最近星系团H1821+643的X射线成像和光谱任务观测，高分辨率光谱显示星系团介质中Fe XXV发射线异常加宽，速度弥散约300km/s。假设类星体驱动激波产生的湍流导致谱线加宽，估算出类星体在星系尺度外注入能量约为其辐射能量的1%-10%，远超之前多波长估计，表明类星体模式反馈在高红移时调节星系和星系团演化中起核心作用。
英文摘要
Quasars are among the most luminous objects. They are powered by accretion onto supermassive black holes. They are thought to impact cosmological evolution primarily through energetic winds, known as quasar-mode feedback, yet the efficiency and spatial extent of this process remain poorly constrained. Here we present X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) observations of H1821+643---the nearest galaxy cluster with a central quasar (redshift z = 0.297)---which was a rare opportunity to directly probe quasar-mode feedback in the intracluster medium. High-resolution spectroscopy reveals exceptionally broadened Fe XXV emission lines from the intracluster medium, with a velocity dispersion of approximately 300 km/s, far exceeding values observed in nearby cluster cores. These lines originate predominantly at radii of 20-100 kpc from the centre. Assuming that turbulence from a quasar-driven shock led to the broadening of the lines, the energy injected by the quasar beyond galactic scales ($\gtrsim$20 kpc) is estimated to be $\gtrsim$1-10% of its radiative energy. Notably, this feedback efficiency exceeds previous multiwavelength estimates by orders of magnitude ($\lesssim$0.01%) and reaches the levels required by the latest cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. This finding of vigorous turbulence indicates that quasar-mode feedback plays a central role in regulating galaxy and cluster evolution at high redshift.
Comments29 pages, 9 figures. Published in Nature Astronomy. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-026-02939-x
DOI：10.1038/s41550-026-02939-x
