量子电路能否检测到安鲁效应？
Can a quantum circuit detect the Unruh effect?
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究探讨量子电路能否检测安鲁效应，提出用超导磁通量子电路实现探测器，通过调制激发态跃迁频率积累几何相位，经开放系统模拟，该探测器比两级探测器灵敏度提高三个数量级，建立了探测类时安鲁效应及测试量子场性质的平台。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
安鲁效应预测加速观察者会将闵可夫斯基真空视为热浴，但直接检测在实验上仍无法实现。其类时对应物因未来和过去光锥之间无质量场的纠缠而产生，提供了更可行的途径，但需要过渡频率遵循特定共形时间缩放的探测器。我们提出并分析了一种使用超导磁通量子电路的此类探测器的实际实现方案，它自然提供两个准简并基态和一个可调激发态，形成有效的Λ系统。通过在闵可夫斯基时间调制激发态跃迁频率，探测器积累与类时安鲁效应相关的几何相位。开放系统模拟预测在530纳秒内基态粒子数有~10%的偏移，比两级安鲁 - 德维特探测器的灵敏度提高了三个数量级。这些结果建立了一个现实的量子电路平台，用于实验探测类时安鲁效应，更广泛地说，用于使用工程量子系统测试量子场的基本性质。
英文摘要
The Unruh effect predicts that an accelerating observer perceives the Minkowski vacuum as a thermal bath, yet direct detection remains experimentally inaccessible. Its timelike counterpart, arising from the entanglement of massless fields between the future and past light cones, offers a more feasible route but requires a detector whose transition frequency follows a specific conformal-time scaling. We propose and analyze a practical implementation of such a detector using superconducting fluxonium circuits, which naturally provide two quasi-degenerate ground states and a tunable excited state, forming an effective $Λ$-system. By modulating the excited-state transition frequency in Minkowski time, the detector accumulates a geometric phase associated with the timelike Unruh effect. Open-system simulations predict $\sim 10\%$ shift in the ground-state population within $530$ ns, representing a three-order-of-magnitude sensitivity enhancement over two-level Unruh-DeWitt detectors. These results establish a realistic quantum-circuit platform for experimentally probing the timelike Unruh effect and, more broadly, for testing fundamental nature of quantum fields using engineered quantum systems.
