AI 中文总结
研究利用神经网络变分蒙特卡罗方法，对两中子晕核$^{11}$Li进行从头算，表明其晕结构源于核相互作用和多体动力学，再现相关能量和半径趋势，确定晕大小与相移分裂的关联，为晕形成提供微观理解并建立相关联系。
AI 中文摘要
两中子晕核$^{11}$Li是典型的量子多体系统，其大空间范围和弱束缚长期以来挑战着第一性原理的微观描述。我们用神经网络变分蒙特卡罗方法进行了从头算证明，表明$^{11}$Li的晕结构直接源于潜在的核相互作用和全多体动力学。计算采用仅由少体可观测量约束的基本核哈密顿量，再现了锂同位素的结合能和分离能及其物质半径的同位素趋势。我们确定了$^{11}$Li中晕大小与P波中子-阿尔法散射相移分裂之间的相关性，确立了中子-阿尔法自旋-轨道相互作用在晕形成中的关键作用。双中子关联自然地从多体波函数中产生，无需假设预形成的核心加价中子结构。这些结果提供了对$^{11}$Li中晕形成的微观理解，并建立了少体散射可观测量与涌现的多体结构之间的联系。
英文摘要
The two-neutron halo nucleus $^{11}$Li is a paradigmatic quantum many-body system whose large spatial extent and weak binding have long challenged a microscopic description from first principles. Using a neural-network variational Monte Carlo approach, we present an \textit{ab initio} demonstration that the halo structure of $^{11}$Li emerges directly from the underlying nuclear interactions and full many-body dynamics. The calculation employs an essential nuclear Hamiltonian constrained solely by few-body observables and reproduces the binding and separation energies of Li isotopes, as well as the isotopic trend of their matter radii. We identify a correlation between the halo size in $^{11}$Li and the splitting of $P$-wave neutron-alpha scattering phase shifts, establishing the crucial role of neutron-alpha spin-orbit interactions in halo formation. Dineutron correlations are found to arise naturally from the many-body wave function without assuming a preformed core-plus-valence-neutron structure. These results provide a microscopic understanding of halo formation in $^{11}$Li and establish a link between few-body scattering observables and emergent many-body structure.
Comments5 pages, 5 figures
