AI 中文总结
研究评估光纤采光系统用于垂直农场的技术经济潜力，耦合模型和模拟评估相关系统，比较多种光纤类型和采光策略，结果显示光纤系统有节能效果，但成本高，屋顶光伏在当前更具经济可行性。
AI 中文摘要
垂直农场是一种很有前景的增加可控环境下粮食产量的方法，可减少土地使用、用水及对外部气候条件的依赖。但主要由人工照明驱动的大量电力需求限制了其能源和经济可持续性。本研究评估了一种旨在将集中阳光直接传输到垂直农场作物种植区的光纤采光系统的技术经济潜力。通过耦合经过验证的瞬态垂直农场模型和托纳提乌光线追踪模拟来评估单轴太阳能跟踪菲涅耳聚光系统。比较了五种光纤类型和三种采光策略在作物产量、单位电能消耗和光成本方面的表现，并与光导管和屋顶光伏解决方案进行基准对比。光纤系统的年度有用光合有效辐射输送效率为19%-27%，具体取决于光纤类型。通过在所有货架上分布日光并通过紫外线-红外线过滤器限制热量增加（与光导管配置的12%相比），它可将电力消耗降低35%-89%。仅日光策略实现了最低的单位电能消耗，等于1.81千瓦时/千克，但导致作物生产力降低52%。混合LED-光纤策略避免了这种损失，实现了约50%的电力节省，最低单位电能消耗为3.16千瓦时/千克。然而，目前的光纤成本使该系统在经济上缺乏吸引力，估计需要将资本成本降低约90%才能具有竞争力。屋顶光伏满足了22%的年度电力需求，投资回收期为11-12年，使光伏成为当前市场条件下最经济可行的屋顶太阳能选择。
英文摘要
Vertical farming is a promising approach for increasing food production in controlled environments while reducing land use, water consumption, and dependence on external climatic conditions. However, its large electricity demand, mainly driven by artificial lighting, still limits its energetic and economic sustainability. This study evaluates the techno-economic potential of an optical-fiber daylighting system designed to transport concentrated sunlight directly to the crop growing zones of a vertical farm. A validated transient vertical farm model was coupled with Tonatiuh ray-tracing simulations to assess a single-axis solar-tracked Fresnel concentration system. Five optical fiber typologies and three daylighting strategies were compared in terms of crop production, specific electrical energy consumption, and light cost, and benchmarked against light-pipe and rooftop photovoltaic solutions. The optical-fiber system achieved an annual useful-PAR delivery efficiency of 19-27%, depending on fiber typology. By distributing daylight across all rack shelves and limiting heat gains through a UV-IR filter, it reduced electricity consumption by 35-89%, compared with 12% for the light-pipe configuration. The daylight-only strategy achieved the lowest SEEC, equal to 1.81 kWh kg^-1, but caused a 52% crop productivity reduction. Hybrid LED-optical-fiber strategies avoided this penalty and achieved electricity savings of about 50%, with a minimum SEEC of 3.16 kWh kg^-1. However, current optical fiber costs make the system economically unattractive, requiring an estimated capital cost reduction of about 90% to become competitive. Rooftop photovoltaics covered 22% of annual electricity demand and achieved an 11-12-year payback, making PV the most economically viable rooftop solar option under current market conditions.
