AI 中文总结
研究天文干涉测量中相对相位和相干性的同时估计，基于直接干涉测量与连续变量量子隐形传态方案，发现直接干涉测量方案量子克拉美罗界更低，确定外差检测为近最优测量方案，还分析了不同方案在不同基线的精度表现。
AI 中文摘要
天文干涉测量是高分辨率恒星成像和观测天体物理学的一项基础技术，通过分离望远镜收集光的相干性来提取空间信息。由于相干度是复数，真正的成像任务需要联合恢复模量和相对相位，而非独立的单参数估计。我们基于直接干涉测量方案和连续变量量子隐形传态方案研究这两个参数的同时估计。我们发现，在同时估计中，直接干涉测量方案始终产生较低的量子克拉美罗界，证明其优于连续变量量子隐形传态方案。此外，我们确定了高斯测量的经典克拉美罗界饱和量子克拉美罗界的条件，确定外差检测是大平均光子数 regime 中的近最优测量方案。传输损耗分析表明，直接干涉测量方案在短基线 regime 中产生更高的精度，而连续变量量子隐形传态方案在较长基线时表现更优。
英文摘要
Astronomical interferometry is a cornerstone technique for high-resolution stellar imaging and observational astrophysics, extracting spatial information from the coherence of light collected by separated telescopes. Since the degree of coherence is complex, a genuine imaging task requires the joint recovery of the modulus and the relative phase, instead of independent singleparameter estimations. We investigate the simultaneous estimation of both parameters based on direct interferometry scheme and continuou-svariable quantum teleportation scheme. We find that in simultaneous estimation the direct interferometry scheme consistently yields a lower quantum Cramér-Rao bound, demonstrating its superiority over the continuous-variable quantum teleportation scheme. Furthermore, we establish the conditions under which the classical Cramér-Rao bound for Gaussian measurements saturates the quantum Cramér-Rao bound, identifying heterodyne detection as a near-optimal measurement scheme in the large mean photon number regime. An analysis of transmission loss reveals that the direct interferometry scheme yields superior precision in the short-baseline regime, whereas the continuous-variable quantum teleportation scheme outperforms it at longer baselines.
