发表机构
School of Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University（西安交通大学物理学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
研究通过结合微观轴子扩展模型与四维爱因斯坦-高斯-博内引力宏观框架探索夸克星性质，发现轴子相互作用及 4D EGB 修正改变夸克星结构，其综合效应产生的质量-半径序列更符合观测约束，为描述大质量夸克星提供框架。
AI 中文摘要
我们通过将微观轴子扩展的波利雅科夫-南布-乔纳-拉西尼奥模型与四维爱因斯坦-高斯-博内（4D EGB）引力的宏观框架相结合，来探索夸克星的性质。结果表明，轴子诱导的相互作用使夸克物质的状态方程变硬，从而提高了声速和夸克星的最大质量。4D EGB 修正的加入有效地减弱了引力压缩并进一步改变了恒星结构，使半径更大、最大质量更高，同时降低了致密性和表面引力红移。值得注意的是，这些综合效应产生的质量-半径序列比在标准广义相对论和传统夸克物质状态方程下得到的序列更符合当前观测约束。这些发现表明，轴子动力学与 4D EGB 引力之间的相互作用可能为描述大质量夸克星提供一个可行的唯象学框架。
英文摘要
We explore the properties of quark stars by combining the microscopic axion-extended Polyakov--NambuJona-Lasinio model with the macroscopic framework of four-dimensional Einstein--Gauss--Bonnet (4D EGB) gravity. Specifically, axion effects are incorporated through the background phase $θ=a/f_a$ in the thermodynamics of quark matter. Our results show that the inclusion of axion-induced interactions stiffens the quark-matter equation of state, thereby increasing the sound speed and the maximum mass of quark stars. The 4D EGB correction effectively weakens gravitational compression and further modifies the stellar structure, allowing for larger radii and higher maximum masses while reducing the compactness and the surface gravitational redshift. The combined effects can support quark stars above $2\,M_\odot$, with mass--radius sequences overlapping the observational regions in the indicative phenomenological comparison. These findings reveal that the interplay between axion-induced modifications of dense quark matter and 4D EGB gravity may provide a viable phenomenological framework for describing massive quark stars.
Comments13 pages, 10 figures
