AI 中文总结
研究大规模HAPS部署连接岛屿和海域用户的可行性，考虑阴影效应，分析不同用户覆盖性能，引入评估方法并提近似方法降复杂度，基于仿真结果讨论距离对覆盖的影响，强调选合适HAPS密度或部署方案的重要性。
AI 中文摘要
非地面网络（NTN）在下一代移动通信中发挥关键作用，能提供增强的灵活性、改善视距（LoS）条件并克服地面网络（TN）的局限性。高空平台站（HAPS）是为包括岛屿和海域等传统基础设施部署成本高且困难的地区提供互联网连接的有前景解决方案。本文研究大规模HAPS部署连接岛屿和海域用户的可行性，考虑岛屿建筑群对部分HAPS的实际阴影效应。首先分析岸上（岛屿）和海上（远海）用户的覆盖性能，其信道分别遵循阴影莱斯分布和莱斯分布。接着引入混合信道环境下近岸用户的评估方法并提出降低计算复杂度的近似方法。基于仿真结果，讨论岛屿边界距离（即海上用户相对偏远程度）对不同HAPS密度下覆盖性能的影响，强调选择平衡的HAPS密度或先进HAPS部署方案的重要性。
英文摘要
Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are poised to play a critical role in next-generation mobile communications, offering enhanced flexibility, improved line-of-sight (LoS) conditions, and overcoming the limitations of terrestrial networks (TNs). Among NTN platforms, high altitude platform stations (HAPSs) have emerged as a promising solution to provide Internet connectivity to underserved regions, including rural areas, islands, and maritime zones, where traditional infrastructure deployment is costly and challenging to deploy. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of large-scale HAPS deployment to connect island and maritime users, considering real-world shadowing effects on part of HAPSs caused by the presence of island building clusters. We first analyze the coverage performance of onshore (island) and offshore (remote sea) users, in which the channels between HAPSs and the user follow the shadowed Rician distributions and Rician distributions, respectively. Next, we introduce an evaluation method for nearshore users in a hybrid channel environment with HAPSs, and propose approximations that can reduce computational complexity. Based on the simulation results, we discuss how the distance from the island boundary (i.e. the relative remoteness of maritime users) affects coverage performance under different HAPS densities. We also emphasize the importance of choosing a balanced HAPS density or an advanced HAPS deployment scheme.
Comments15 pages, 14 figures. Published in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Journal refIEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 25, pp. 11176-11191, 2026
