AI 中文总结
介绍12米光学宽视场光谱望远镜（WST）设计进展，其在可见光波段为MOS和IFS提供焦点，采用修正卡塞格伦方案，借鉴VLT和ELT方案降低风险，可双焦点波前控制，光路受限实现自适应校正，早期就审查其可持续性。
AI 中文摘要
宽视场光谱望远镜（WST）是一台12米级的地平式光学望远镜，在可见光波段为多目标光谱学（MOS）和积分场光谱学（IFS）分别提供两个同时可用的焦点，视场分别为2度和3×3弧分。在“地平线计划”框架内，该项目于2024年获欧盟委员会批准进入A阶段并正在密集研发。光学设计采用修正卡塞格伦方案，通过光纤将光馈入多目标光谱仪，视场中心区域光传播至重力稳定的积分场站，站内有光谱仪阵列。报告了设计进展、关键子系统功能和物理定义以及望远镜光学元件高性能涂层设计。望远镜将位于ESO帕拉纳尔-阿尔马索内斯天文台附近，由类似VLT的圆顶保护。设计大量借鉴VLT和ELT方案以降低风险。因其光学配置，望远镜在两个焦点均可进行波前控制，MOS和IFS控制间串扰极小。光路受限以在现有技术下提供自然导星及IFS视场的地面层自适应校正。从研发早期就对系统可持续性进行审查。
英文摘要
The Wide-Field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a 12-m class, Alt-Az optical telescope providing two simultaneous foci, 2 degrees and 3 by 3 arc minutes respectively, for Multi-Object Spectroscopy (MOS) and Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) at visible wavelengths. Within the framework of the Horizon Programme, the project has been approved for phase A funding by the EC in 2024 and is currently undergoing intensive development. The optical design relies on a corrected Cassegrain solution feeding multi-object spectrographs through fibres, while the central area of the field is propagated to a gravity-stable Integral Field Station housing an array of spectrographs. We report progress of the design, of the functional and physical definitions of key subsystems, and of the design of high-performance coatings of the telescope optics. The telescope would be located near ESO Paranal - Armazones observatory and protected by a VLT-like enclosure. With a view to minimising risks, from capital investment to operations, designs build extensively on VLT and ELT solutions. Owing to the optical configuration, the telescope can be wavefront-controlled at both foci, with little if any crosstalk between MOS and IFS controls. The optical path is constrained to provide natural guide star, ground-layer adaptive correction at the IFS field, within existing technology. Finally, from its earliest stage of development the system is being scrutinized for its properties in relation to sustainability.
Comments15 pages, 12 figures
