对461颗凌日系外行星观测计划M矮星宿主的统一凌星观测：后续观测优先级及新的凌星候选体
A uniform transit survey of 461 ExoFOP M-dwarf TOI hosts: Follow-up prioritization and new transit candidates
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究将凌星探测和统计验证流程应用于461颗M矮星宿主星，通过两种互补盲搜及相关测试，重新探测并分类编目信号，确定后续观测优先级，还发现了新凌星候选体并确定部分目标轨道周期，结果已作为统一列表发布。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
背景。M矮星是小型凌星行星的理想宿主。此前已开发并在光度噪声前沿验证了一个凌星探测和统计验证流程，该流程应用于少数扇区观测的M3 - M6矮星。目标。将该流程统一应用于完整的活跃凌日系外行星观测计划M矮星目标列表中的461颗宿主星（M0 - M6），每颗宿主星都有一颗已确认行星（CP）或行星候选体（PC），以测试其对编目信号的恢复和分类能力，并为后续观测确定候选体的优先级。方法。该流程将两个互补的盲搜合并到每个宿主星上，一个是全基线凌星最小二乘法扫描，另一个是跨越多年间隙基线的分段半相干搜索。它还增加了一个事件时间相干性测试，以排除具有不一致的单次凌星时间的信号（恒星变化的窗口函数别名）、全扇区TRICERATOPS误报概率，以及盖亚DR3背景和孔径定位分析。结果。在193颗在范围内的CP中，165颗（85.5%）被重新探测到，没有一颗被判定为误报，147颗（76.2%）达到盖亚验证状态。在286颗在范围内的PC中，225颗（78.7%）被重新探测到，其中11颗被标记为误报，87颗被列为后续观测的行星候选体。在目录之外，出现了13颗半径为0.7 - 2.0地球半径的新凌星候选体，包括一个紧凑、动态稳定的近共振三星候选系统的两个新成员；确定了4个编目的单凌星或双凌星目标的轨道周期，其中两个在乐观宜居带内。结论。恢复的结果和新候选体作为一个统一的、有优先级的后续观测目标列表发布。
英文摘要
Context. M dwarfs are favorable hosts for small transiting planets. A transit-detection and statistical-validation pipeline was previously developed and validated at the photometric noise frontier, on M3-M6 dwarfs observed in few sectors. Aims. That pipeline is applied uniformly to the full active ExoFOP M-dwarf TOI population, 461 hosts (M0-M6) each hosting a confirmed planet (CP) or planet candidate (PC), to test its recovery and classification of the cataloged signals and to prioritize the candidates for follow-up. Methods. The pipeline chains two complementary blind searches merged per host, a full-baseline transit-least-squares scan and a segmented, semi-coherent search across the gapped multiyear baseline. It adds an event-time-coherence test that rejects signals with incoherent per-transit timing (window-function aliases of stellar variability), all-sector TRICERATOPS false-positive probabilities, and Gaia DR3 background and aperture-localization analysis. Results. Of 193 in-range CP, 165 (85.5%) are re-detected, none rejected as a false positive, and 147 (76.2%) reach a Gaia-verified disposition. Of 286 in-range PC, 225 (78.7%) are re-detected, of which 11 are flagged as false positives and 87 ranked as planet candidates for follow-up. Beyond the catalog, 13 new transit candidates of 0.7-2.0 Earth radii emerge, including two new members of a compact, dynamically stable near-resonant three-planet candidate system; four cataloged single- or dual-transit TOIs have their orbital periods determined, two of them in the optimistic habitable zone. Conclusions. The recoveries and new candidates are released as a uniform, prioritized follow-up target list.
