AI 中文总结
研究社会学习对集体挑战优先级排序的影响，构建动态模型。发现同等严重问题中，更依赖社会学习的易被低优先级对待，严重程度增加会延迟重排，减少社会学习或增加群体间学习可减少偏差，为集体行动中问题被忽视提供解释机制。
AI 中文摘要
社会往往难以及时对重要挑战进行优先级排序，在气候变化和疫情缓解等问题上的延迟行动会带来巨大成本。一个长期存在的难题是，对问题的广泛关注往往无法转化为集体优先级。我们认为关键驱动因素在于跨竞争问题领域的关注形成方式。一些问题严重依赖社会学习，个体从他人那里推断重要性，因为直接经验有限。其他问题更多依赖个体从第一手经验中学习。我们开发了一个动态模型，其中两个子群体通过个体和社会学习形成针对特定问题的关注，并将这些关注汇总为集体优先级。该模型产生了三个见解。首先，在两个客观严重程度相同的问题中，更多依赖社会学习的那个问题往往优先级较低。其次，严重程度的逐渐增加会延迟问题的重新优先级排序，随着对社会学习的依赖增加，延迟也会增加。第三，通过减少社会学习或增加群体间学习超过临界阈值，可以减少这种偏差。这些结果为为什么尽管广泛关注，但严重问题在集体行动中仍可能被忽视，以及为什么群体间互动或经验模拟可能有助于使集体优先级与客观风险保持一致提供了一种通用机制。
英文摘要
Societies often struggle to prioritize important challenges in a timely manner, with substantial costs from delayed action on issues like climate change and pandemic mitigation. A persistent puzzle is that broad concern on issues often fails to translate into collective priority. We argue that a key driver lies in how concern is formed across competing issue domains. Some issues depend heavily on social learning, where individuals infer importance from others, often because direct experience is limited. Others depend more on individual learning from firsthand experience. We develop a dynamic model in which two subgroups form issue-specific concerns through individual and social learning, and these concerns are aggregated into collective priority. The model yields three insights. First, with two issues of equal objective severity, the one that depends more on social learning tends to be underprioritized when both issues are severe. Second, gradual increases in severity delay reprioritization of the issue, with the delay growing as reliance on social learning increases. Third, this bias can be reduced by reducing social learning or by increasing intergroup learning beyond a critical threshold. These results offer a general mechanism for why severe problems can remain neglected in collective action despite widespread concern, and why intergroup interaction or experiential simulations may help align collective priorities with objective risks.
Comments24 pages, 7 figures; Supplementary Information: 7 pages, 3 figures
