可持续月球表面栖息地的可变发射率建模
Variable Emissivity Modeling for Sustainable Lunar Surface Habitats
AI总结：
研究月球表面栖息地热控问题，采用有限元建模方法，对比可变发射率材料与传统涂层，展示前者优势，有望降低内部加热需求，实现近恒温的月球栖息地。
AI中文摘要：
月球栖息地是人类长期驻留近地轨道之外的首个平台之一，其能助力太阳系探索及月球资源利用等。传统隔热方法较静态，需内部加热。可变发射率材料可自适应控制辐射，减少能耗、提升热稳定性，但尚未在月球表面应用。本文先用有限元建模预测月球环境中简化栖息地热性能，再对比可变发射率材料与传统涂层，展示其优势，有望实现近恒温且内部加热需求大幅降低的月球栖息地。
英文摘要：
Lunar habitats will be one of the first platforms to enable long-term human presence beyond Low Earth Orbit. These structures act as a stepping stone for exploring our solar system while simultaneously enabling lunar resource utilization, low-energy cryopreservation, and various other applications. These habitats must be designed to withstand the extreme thermal variation of the lunar surface caused by the changing orientation with respect to the Sun and Earth. White paints and multi-layered insulation are conventionally used to minimize solar heating, yet this approach is static and results in a structure that requires internal heating to survive lunar night. An adaptive approach to control absorbed and emitted radiation allows for highly efficient daytime cooling and improved nighttime heat retention. Louvers and shutters have been employed to switch between high- and low-emissivity states; however, this approach relies on ensuring moving parts are resilient to dust contamination. Alternatively, variable emissivity materials are a solid-state solution with no moving parts. The emissivity of these materials can be switched passively based on surface temperature, or actively as a result of applied voltage. Despite their potential to reduce power consumption and increase thermal stability, variable emissivity materials have yet to be explored on the lunar surface. We first present a finite element modeling approach to predict the thermal performance of simplified habitats in realistic lunar environments. We then demonstrate the benefit of variable emissivity materials for thermal stability and lunar night survival by comparing them to traditional constant emissivity coatings. By using variable emissivity materials, we envision near-constant temperature lunar habitats with significantly reduced internal heating requirements.
