AI 中文总结
构造非凸平面区域\(\Omega_{a,\epsilon}\)研究挠率函数,发现其在原点有特殊性质,黑塞估计不能扩展到非凸域,该区域双重对称、单向凸且星形,还表明挠率函数超水平集在狭缝长时非星形,从强化几何条件角度回应相关问题。
AI 中文摘要
我们构造了一系列有界的\(C^\infty\)光滑、单连通且非凸的平面区域\(\Omega_{a,\epsilon}\),对于其中的挠率函数\[ -\Delta u_{a,\epsilon}=1\quad\text{在 }\Omega_{a,\epsilon}\text{ 内},\qquad u_{a,\epsilon}=0\quad\text{在 }\partial\Omega_{a,\epsilon}\text{ 上} \]在原点\(0\)处有一个严格全局最大值点,满足\[ \lambda_{max}\bigl(D^2u_{a,\epsilon}(0)\bigr)\longrightarrow 0^-. \]此外,\(\text{diam}(\Omega_{a,\epsilon}) / \text{inrad}(\Omega_{a,\epsilon})\)的比值保持一致有界。因此,Steinerberger(2018年《泛函分析杂志》274卷,1611 - 1630页)为凸平面区域证明的黑塞估计不能扩展到光滑单连通非凸区域类。此外,我们构造的区域是双重对称的,仅单向凸但星形。我们表明当狭缝足够长时,挠率函数的一些超水平集不是星形的,因此我们也可以从强化几何条件的角度对Gladiali和Grossi(2022年《美国数学杂志》144卷,1221 - 1240页)提出的问题给出一些评论。
英文摘要
We construct a family of bounded, smooth, simply connected, nonconvex planar domains $Ω_{a,ε}$. Let $u_{a,ε}$ be the corresponding torsion function satisfying \[ -Δu_{a,ε}=1\quad\text{in }Ω_{a,ε},\qquad u_{a,ε}=0\quad\text{on }\partialΩ_{a,ε}. \] There exists \(a^*\in(0,1)\) such that, for every \(a\in(a^*,1)\) and all sufficiently small \(ε>0\), the origin is a unique global maximizer of $u_{a,ε}$. Moreover, \[ \lim_{a\downarrow a^*}\lim_{ε\to0} λ_{\max}\bigl(D^2u_{a,ε}(0)\bigr)=0. \] In addition, the ratios $\text{diam}(Ω_{a,ε}) / \text{inrad}(Ω_{a,ε})$ are uniformly bounded. Hence the Hessian estimate proved by Steinerberger (J. Funct. Anal. 274, 1611--1630, 2018) for convex planar domains cannot be extended to smooth, simply connected, nonconvex planar domains. \vskip0.2cm Our domains are star-shaped, symmetric with respect to both coordinate axes and convex in the horizontal direction. When the limiting slit is sufficiently long, we further show that certain superlevel sets of the torsion function are not star-shaped. This strengthens the counterexample to the star-shapedness question raised by Gladiali and Grossi (Amer. J. Math. 144, 1221--1240, 2022) under stronger geometric assumptions.