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arXiv 2607.23393cs.AI

关键区间A*:通过结构抽象加速网格路径查找

Key-Interval A*: Accelerating Grid Pathfinding via Structural Abstraction

Taiquan Sui

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中文总结 AI 辅助

研究4连通网格路径查找问题,提出关键区间A*算法,利用轻量级预处理构建区间级抽象,通过提取关键区间、连接非关键区域并在关键区间图上搜索,证明其完备性和最优性,实验显示该算法能保持最短路径长度且运行快。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

现有的用于4连通网格路径查找的精确方法减少了在线搜索,但通常要么保留细粒度搜索状态,要么需要大量预处理。本文提出了关键区间A*(KIA*),这是一种最优路径查找算法,它使用轻量级预处理来构建并在自由空间的紧凑区间级抽象上进行搜索。KIA*使用区间表示自由空间,即可遍历单元的最大连续序列。它提取捕获结构边界变化的关键区间,并通过连续的非关键区域连接它们。然后,KIA*在生成的关键区间图上执行A*风格的搜索,并从区间链中建设性地重建网格路径,无需单元级局部搜索。我们证明了KIA*在4连通网格上的完备性和最优性。在标准基准测试上的实验表明,KIA*保持了精确的最短路径长度,并且在八个基准组中的七个上实现了最快的运行时,在结构化和游戏地图上增益最大。

英文摘要

Existing exact methods for 4-connected grid pathfinding reduce online search, but often either retain fine-grained search states or require substantial preprocessing. This paper presents Key-Interval A* (KIA*), an optimal pathfinding algorithm that uses lightweight preprocessing to construct and search over a compact interval-level abstraction of free space. KIA* represents free space using intervals: maximal contiguous runs of traversable cells. It extracts key intervals that capture structural boundary changes and connects them through contiguous non-key regions. KIA* then performs A*-style search on the resulting key-interval graph and constructively reconstructs grid paths from interval chains, without cell-level local search. We prove the completeness and optimality of KIA* on 4-connected grids. Experiments on standard benchmarks show that KIA* preserves exact shortest-path lengths and achieves the fastest runtime on seven of eight benchmark groups, with the largest gains on structured and game maps.

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