AI 中文总结
研究非平衡浴中入侵者手性动力学，在稀薄极限下从玻尔兹曼 - 洛伦兹描述推导朗之万方程，区分相关影响，发现手性相互作用等效应；在稠密极限下考虑浴流体动力学等，结果有助于理解不同尺度下该动力学机制。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了处于非平衡浴中的入侵者的手性动力学，涵盖两个互补极限：稀薄动力学 regime 和稠密流体动力学 regime。在稀薄极限下，从玻尔兹曼 - 洛伦兹描述出发，我们推导出一个有效的朗之万方程，其系数由与几何相关的边界积分明确给出。该公式区分了入侵者形状手性与手性入侵者 - 浴相互作用的影响。我们发现手性相互作用产生奇数响应和扭矩，而入侵者的手性导致棘轮效应。我们还表明存在类似涨落耗散的关系，且某些对称允许的耦合在稀薄 regime 中消失。在稠密 regime 中，我们认为入侵者动力学主要由浴流体动力学和扭矩密度驱动的边缘电流主导，这些电流可产生反对称阻力和曲率诱导扭矩，考虑惯性时会导致反对称响应。这些结果为理解不同尺度下非平衡浴中入侵者手性动力学的机制迈出了一步。
英文摘要
We study the chiral dynamics of an intruder immersed in a nonequilibrium bath in two complementary limits: the dilute kinetic regime and the dense hydrodynamic regime. In the dilute limit, starting from a Boltzmann-Lorentz description, we derive an effective Langevin equation whose coefficients are given explicitly by geometry-dependent boundary integrals. This formulation separates the effects of intruder-shape chirality from those of chiral intruder-bath interactions. We find that the chiral interactions generate an odd response and a torque, whereas the chirality of the intruder leads to a ratchet effect. We also show that fluctuation-dissipation-like relations exist and that certain symmetry-allowed couplings vanish in the dilute regime. In the dense regime, we argue that intruder dynamics are governed primarily by bath hydrodynamics and torque-density-driven edge currents not captured by the previous framework. These currents can generate both an antisymmetric drag and a curvature-induced torque, leading to an antisymmetric response when inertia is accounted for. Taken together, these results provide a step toward understanding the mechanisms governing the chiral dynamics of an intruder in a nonequilibrium bath across different scales.
