垂直挤压天线系统（V-PAS）辅助无人机通信
Vertical Pinching Antenna Systems (V-PAS) Aided UAV Communications
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究针对现有水平挤压天线系统局限，提出构建垂直挤压天线系统用于超低空空投无人机通信，通过介质波导扩展覆盖至三维空域，定义PMPL并推导相关表达式，证明其性能优势及理论上限。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
为解决现有水平挤压天线系统（PAS）主要为地面用户设计且限于二维（2D）覆盖的局限性，本文提出沿城市建筑物立面部署挤压天线（PA）以构建用于超低空空投无人机（UAV）通信的垂直挤压天线系统（V-PAS）。所提架构采用沿建筑物全高连续部署的介质波导，将PAS的覆盖能力从2D平面扩展到三维（3D）空域，确保稳定的视距（LoS）链路。定义挤压乘性路径损耗（PMPL）概念来表征波导和自由空间路径损耗的级联乘性衰减。发现PMPL对垂直距离不敏感，使V-PAS对建筑物高度具有高度适应性。分别推导了有损波导条件下中断概率和遍历率的精确和渐近闭式表达式，并发现和证明了系统性能相对于接入点（AP）高度中点的对称性和最优性。结果表明，在大多数超低空空投无人机通信场景中，V-PAS比无PA的基准方案具有性能优势。只有在极高发射功率和大无人机作业区域下，有损波导的V-PAS中断概率可能劣于无PA的基准方案，但V-PAS的遍历率仍保持优势。相比之下，无损波导的V-PAS在无人机通信中优于无PA的基准方案，代表了V-PAS的理论性能上限。
英文摘要
To address the limitation that existing horizontal pinching antenna systems (PAS) are primarily designed for ground users and confined to two-dimensional (2D) coverage, this paper proposes deploying a pinching antenna (PA) along the facade of urban buildings to construct a vertical pinching antenna system (V-PAS) for ultra-low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. The proposed architecture employs a dielectric waveguide continuously deployed along the full height of buildings, extending the coverage capability of PAS from the 2D plane to three-dimensional (3D) airspace, ensuring a stable line-of-sight (LoS) link. We define the concept of pinching multiplicative path loss (PMPL) to characterize the cascaded multiplicative attenuation of the waveguide and free-space path losses. It is found that PMPL is insensitive to vertical distance, rendering V-PAS highly adaptive to building heights. Furthermore, accurate and asymptotic closed-form expressions for outage probability and ergodic rate under lossy waveguide conditions are derived, respectively, and the symmetry and optimality of system performance with respect to the midpoint of the access point (AP) height are discovered and proved. The results show that V-PAS achieves performance advantages over the benchmark without PA in most ultra-low-altitude UAV communication scenarios. Only under extremely high transmission power and large UAV operational area may the outage probability of V-PAS with a lossy waveguide be inferior to that of the benchmark without PA, but the ergodic rate of V-PAS still maintains an advantage. By contrast, V-PAS with a lossless waveguide outperforms the benchmark without PA in UAV communications, representing the theoretical performance upper bound of V-PAS.
