发表机构
Yangtze University; Wuhan University; National Centre for Nuclear Research; Hunan Normal University（长江大学; 武汉大学; 国家核研究中心; 湖南师范大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
研究利用强引力透镜LISA引力波的相位信息区分暗物质结构，通过生成波形并拟合，发现NFW和SIDM波形变化与透镜简并，FDM有频率相关残差，分别用约60和110个解析图像波形可区分NFW - FDM和SIDM - FDM，能探测暗物质空间形式。
AI 中文摘要
强引力透镜会改变引力波信号的相位、幅度和到达时间。我们研究这种相位信息能否区分透镜中的三种暗物质结构：纳维罗-弗伦克-怀特晕（NFW）、自相互作用晕（SIDM）和模糊暗物质场（FDM）。我们为四年LISA任务中可探测的强引力透镜大质量黑洞双星群体生成波形，并使用具有外部剪切的相同光滑奇异等温椭球透镜对每个信号进行拟合。在132个透镜系统中，311个图像在时间上被解析为单独的信号。NFW和SIDM会产生真实的波形变化，但其缓慢变化部分在很大程度上与光滑透镜的常数、梯度和曲率简并。FDM的相干密度涨落在这种拟合后留下更大的频率相关残差。NFW - FDM和SIDM - FDM群体分别用约60个和110个解析图像波形可区分。这些结果表明，重复出现的强引力透镜LISA信号可以探测透镜星系中暗物质的空间形式，而不仅仅是总透镜质量。
英文摘要
Strong lensing changes the phase of a gravitational-wave signal as well as its amplitude and arrival time. We study whether this phase information can distinguish between three dark-matter structures in the lens: a Navarro--Frenk--White halo (NFW), a self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) halo, and a fuzzy-dark-matter field (FDM). We generate waveforms for the detectable lensed massive-black-hole-binary population of a four-year LISA mission and fit every signal with the same smooth singular-isothermal-ellipsoid lens with external shear. In 132 lens systems, 311 images are resolved as separate signals in time. NFW and SIDM produce real waveform changes, but their slowly varying part is largely degenerate with the constant, gradient, and Hessian of the smooth Fermat potential at the image. The coherent density fluctuations of FDM leave a larger frequency-dependent residual after this fit. The NFW--FDM and SIDM--FDM populations become distinguishable with about 60 and 110 resolved image waveforms, respectively. These results show that repeated lensed LISA signals can probe the spatial form of dark matter in lens galaxies, rather than only the total lensing mass.
Comments13 pages, 10 figures, comments are welcome
