AI 中文总结
研究如何利用准粒子干涉（QPI）来研究量子材料，通过扫描隧道显微镜（STM）成像QPI获取电子结构信息，结合理论进展实现常规建模，综述了QPI原理、检测等内容及未来方向。
AI 中文摘要
为理解量子材料的性质，对其低能电子结构的详细了解至关重要。过去25年观测真实电子结构的实验技术有显著进步，如角分辨光电子能谱（ARPES）能量分辨率达2meV，但限于零磁场且只提供占据态信息。扫描隧道显微镜（STM）能量分辨率更好，可在低温和磁场下工作，通过成像准粒子干涉（QPI）也能提供电子结构信息。过去几十年该技术用于研究多种量子材料。近期理论进展使QPI常规建模成为可能。本文综述QPI的原理、起源、实验检测、研究获得的物理见解及未来方向。
英文摘要
To understand the properties of quantum materials a detailed knowledge of the material's low energy electronic structure is key. Details of the electronic structure drive the ground state through electronic instabilities, electronic correlation effects, new electronic orders or just the absence of electronic states near the Fermi energy - making a realistic and detailed understanding crucial to be able to control and design properties of quantum materials. The past 25 years have seen a significant improvement in experimental techniques to observe the true electronic structure, in particular in techniques such as Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) where energy resolutions of 2meV are routinely achievable now, which however is limited to zero magnetic field and only provides information about the occupied states. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) achieves a significantly better energy resolution <100$μ$eV and can operate at temperatures well below 50mK and in magnetic fields. While per se a real-space technique, by imaging quasiparticle interference (QPI) STM can also provide information about the electronic structure. This technique has been used over the past decades to study a wide range of quantum materials to understand correlated electron behaviour. Recent theoretical progress now enables routine modelling of QPI, a key requirement to interpret the complex data. Here, we review the principles of QPI, its origin, experimental detection, and the physical insight gained from the study of QPI and possible future directions for this technique.
CommentsReview about quasiparticle interference imaging, with 103 pages and 21 figures
