AI 中文总结
该论文围绕粒子加速器射频结构的电磁模拟展开，介绍其基本概念、数值方法必要性与步骤，通过空间离散化获得半离散方程，重审视频域及时域方法，关注大品质因数结构网络矩阵计算及误差源，还给出模拟结果验证评估建议。
AI 中文摘要
本论文回顾了用于粒子加速器中射频结构的电磁模拟的基本概念。讨论了电磁模拟数值方法的必要性，并介绍了进行此类模拟的基本步骤。以非常通用的方式回顾空间离散化以获得半离散方程。利用这些半离散方程重新审视时域和频域方法。特别关注具有大品质因数的结构的网络矩阵（如散射矩阵）的计算，这在加速器射频背景下高度相关，进而简要回顾了模型降阶方法。研究了电磁模拟中固有的各种误差源。最后，给出了仔细验证和评估模拟结果的建议。
英文摘要
This contribution reviews fundamental concepts of electromagnetic simulations for RF structures used in particle accelerators. The necessity of numerical methods for electromagnetic simulations is discussed, and the fundamental steps involved in performing such simulations are presented. Spatial discretization is reviewed in a very general way to obtain semi-discrete equations. These semi-discrete equations are employed to revisit time-domain and frequency-domain approaches. Special attention is devoted to the computation of network matrices (e.g. scattering matrices) of structures with large quality factors as this topic is highly relevant in the context of radio-frequency for accelerators. This leads to a very short recapitulation of model-order reduction methods. The various sources of error inherent in electromagnetic simulations are examined. Finally, recommendations for the careful validation and assessment of simulation results are presented.
Comments22 pages, contribution to the CAS - CERN Accelerator School: RF for Accelerators, 18 June - 01 July 2023, Berlin Germany
