第四届时域和多信使天体物理学研讨会白皮书
4th TDAMM Workshop White Paper
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中文总结 AI 辅助
第四届TDAMM研讨会白皮书指出，TDAMM进入新发展阶段，其科学回报依赖多设施观测协调能力。研讨会识别出三个挑战，白皮书提出需支持相关设施建设、完善协调机制等，还给出社区观测计划框架及多种天体的观测策略。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
时域和多信使天体物理学（TDAMM）正进入一个新时代，瞬态发现的速率和多样性将在电磁、引力波、中微子和宇宙射线设施中迅速增长。这些投资的科学回报将越来越取决于识别、优先排序和协调跨异构和全球分布的天文台网络的后续观测能力。本白皮书总结了第四届TDAMM研讨会的成果，评估了近期的发现前景、支持协调观测的基础设施和工具，以及可能限制未来进展的技术、政策和能力差距。研讨会确定了三个主要挑战：警报和协调基础设施的可扩展性和互操作性不足、阻碍快速多设施观测和罕见事件科学的政策，以及关键高能、快速响应和光谱能力的潜在损失。白皮书指出需要持续支持警报分发、经纪商、标准化天文台元数据、跨设施协调平台和统一的后续存储库；扩大联合观测机会和协调分析的资金机制；以及对未来TDAMM设施的战略投资。白皮书还提出了一个社区观测计划框架，该框架将建立对罕见、高影响事件的预先协调响应，由透明治理、即时公共数据发布和定期社区修订提供支持。还提供了伽马射线暴、潮汐破坏事件、X射线双星、新星、超新星、磁星、致密双星合并和高能中微子源的科学概述和详细观测策略。
英文摘要
Time-Domain and Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (TDAMM) is entering a new era in which the rate and diversity of transient discoveries will grow rapidly across electromagnetic, gravitational-wave, neutrino, and cosmic-ray facilities. The scientific return from these investments will increasingly depend not on discovery alone, but on the ability to identify, prioritize, and coordinate follow-up observations across a heterogeneous and globally distributed network of observatories. This white paper summarizes the outcomes of the Fourth TDAMM Workshop and assesses the near-term discovery landscape, the infrastructure and tools that support coordinated observations, and the technical, policy, and capability gaps that may limit future progress. The workshop identified three principal challenges: insufficiently scalable and interoperable alert and coordination infrastructure, policies that impede rapid multi-facility observations and rare-event science, and the potential loss of critical high-energy, rapid-response, and spectroscopic capabilities. The white paper identifies the need for sustained support for alert distribution, brokers, standardized observatory metadata, cross-facility coordination platforms, and unified follow-up repositories; expanded joint observing opportunities and funding mechanisms for coordinated analysis; and strategic investment in future TDAMM facilities. The white paper also present a framework for community observing plans that would establish pre-coordinated responses to rare, high-impact events, supported by transparent governance, immediate public data release, and regular community revision. Science overviews and detailed observing strategies are provided for gamma-ray bursts, tidal disruption events, X-ray binaries, novae, supernovae, magnetars, compact binary mergers, and high-energy neutrino sources.
