AI 中文总结
该研究将基于空间关联光子对的量子成像方案转化为量子多参数估计问题，计算量子费希尔信息矩阵，比较鬼成像、双光子成像和未检测光子成像的性能，确定适合特定任务的成像协议，为量子传感技术设计优化提供指南。
AI 中文摘要
我们通过将基于空间关联光子对的量子成像方案表述为量子多参数估计问题，比较了它们的性能，其中物体由与不同空间模式相关的传输系数表征。我们的工作聚焦于标准量子成像技术，如鬼成像、双光子成像和未检测光子成像。具体而言，我们计算了量子费希尔信息矩阵，表明它们被对应于物体模式基测量的费希尔信息矩阵饱和，这推广了每种成像配置中使用的常见检测方案。我们发现鬼成像和双光子成像通常比未检测光子成像在传输估计上提供更高精度，但后者是唯一自然不会在不同空间模式间耦合传输估计的。这些结果确定了哪些成像协议最适合特定任务，并为基于空间关联的量子传感技术的设计和优化提供了实用指南。
英文摘要
We compare the performance of quantum imaging schemes based on spatially correlated photon pairs by formulating them as quantum multiparameter estimation problems, in which the object is characterized by transmission coefficients associated with different spatial modes. Our work focuses on standard quantum imaging techniques such as ghost imaging, two-photon imaging, and imaging with undetected photons. Specifically, we compute the quantum Fisher information matrices and show that they are saturated by Fisher information matrices corresponding to measurements in the object-mode basis, which generalize the common detection schemes employed in each imaging configuration. We find that ghost imaging and two-photon imaging generally provide higher precision for transmission estimation than imaging with undetected photons, but the latter is the only one that naturally does not couple transmission estimation across different spatial modes. These results identify which imaging protocols are best suited for specific tasks and provide practical guidelines for the design and optimization of quantum sensing technologies based on spatial correlations.
