爱因斯坦 - $U(1)$ 引力中带电荷黑洞与莱特利尔 - 阿连卡尔弦云：热力学与基于准周期振荡的观测约束
Charged Black Holes in Einstein--$U(1)$ Gravity with Letelier--Alencar Cloud of Strings: Thermodynamics and QPO-Based Observational Constraints
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究在爱因斯坦 - $U(1)$ 引力框架下带电荷黑洞与弦云的情况，通过推导黑洞解，研究相关影响，计算守恒量与热力学量，分析稳定性，最后利用QPO数据经MCMC分析约束黑洞解参数。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在本研究中，在爱因斯坦引力框架内，耦合一个 $U(1)$ 规范场，同时存在莱特利尔 - 阿连卡尔弦云与宇宙学常数，推导出黑洞解。随后，研究弦云参数和电荷对事件视界结构的影响。计算与这些解相关的守恒量和热力学量，并验证其与黑洞热力学第一定律的一致性。通过推导热容量和吉布斯势来分析系统的热力学行为，以研究相关参数变化下的局部和全局稳定性。最后，利用来自恒星质量、中等质量和超大质量黑洞的观测准周期振荡（QPO）数据，通过贝叶斯马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗（MCMC）分析对所提出的黑洞解参数进行约束。
英文摘要
In this study, black hole solutions are derived within the framework of Einstein gravity, coupled to a $U(1)$ gauge field in the presence of both the Letelier--Alencar \textit{cloud of strings} and the cosmological constant. Subsequently, the influence of the \textit{cloud of strings} parameters and the electric charge on the structure of the event horizon is investigated. Conserved and thermodynamic quantities associated with these solutions are computed, and their consistency with the first law of black hole thermodynamics is verified. To assess the thermodynamic behavior of the system, the heat capacity and Gibbs potential are derived, thereby enabling an analysis of local and global stability under variations of the relevant parameters. Finally, the parameters of the proposed black hole solution are constrained via a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis, utilizing observational quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) data derived from stellar-mass, intermediate-mass, and supermassive black holes.
