AI 中文总结
研究欧洲生物垃圾处理策略，开发统一框架量化运输限制和处理能力对生物垃圾回收利用系统的影响，评估堆肥和AD的三种设施规模，通过建模揭示规模与运输的非线性权衡，为基础设施规划提供定量指导。
AI 中文摘要
欧洲各地生物垃圾单独收集的增加引发了关于环境和经济最优处理策略的问题。从这个角度来看，分散式和集中式基础设施之间的平衡是一个需要考虑的潜在杠杆。技术选择也是如此。堆肥和厌氧消化（AD）提供了可行的循环生物经济途径，但其性能取决于运输距离、设施规模、季节性废物波动和技术效率。影响处理厂环境和经济性能的阈值距离和规模依赖性相互作用仍未得到充分表征。本研究开发了一个统一的技术经济和生命周期评估框架，以量化运输限制和处理能力如何塑造生物垃圾回收利用系统。在一系列运输距离上评估了堆肥和AD的三种设施规模，并在环境和经济性能方面与当地焚烧进行了比较。使用车辆生命周期评估（LCA）和电动、燃气和柴油动力车辆的实际重型卡车数据对运输负担进行建模。结果揭示了规模和运输之间的非线性权衡，零距离堆肥产生的综合影响最低。在所有情景中，45种配置在经济和环境方面优于当地焚烧，而111种配置尽管成本较高，但在环境方面仍然更可取，从而为基础设施规划提供了定量指导。
英文摘要
The increasing deployment of separate biowaste collection across Europe raises questions regarding environmentally and economically optimal treatment strategies. From this perspective, the balance between decentralised and centralised infrastructure is a potential lever to consider. The choice of technologies is another. Composting and anaerobic digestion (AD) offer viable circular bioeconomy pathways, but their performance depends on transport distance, facility size, seasonal waste fluctuations, and technological efficiency. Threshold distances and scale-dependent interactions affecting the environmental and economic performance of treatment plants remain poorly characterised. This study develops a unified techno-economic and life cycle assessment framework to quantify how transport constraints and treatment capacities shape biowaste valorisation systems. Three facility scales for composting and AD are evaluated across a range of transport distances and compared with local incineration in terms of environmental and economic performance. Transport burdens are modelled using vehicle life cycle assessment (LCA) and realistic heavy-duty truck data for electric-, gas-, and diesel-powered vehicles. Results reveal non-linear trade-offs between scale and transport, with zero-distance composting yielding the lowest combined impacts. Across all scenarios, 45 configurations outperform local incineration economically and environmentally, while 111 remain environmentally preferable despite higher costs, thus providing quantitative guidance for infrastructure planning.
Journal refChemical Engineering Transactions, 2026, 124, pp.325-330
