开发并验证大语言模型依赖量表的西班牙语版本（LLM-D12-SP）
Developing and Validating the Spanish Version of the Large Language Models Dependency Scale (LLM-D12-SP)
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究针对说西班牙语人群对评估LLM心理依赖工具的需求，开发并验证了LLM-D12-SP量表，经分析其具有良好结构和效度，为研究LLM在组织环境中的心理使用情况提供了可靠工具。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在组织和工作环境中，随着大语言模型（LLM）越来越多地用于任务执行、决策和沟通，对评估心理依赖的可靠且经过文化验证的工具需求日益增长。对于说西班牙语的人群尤为重要，尽管LLM采用率迅速扩大，但经过验证的心理测量工具仍然稀缺。本研究报告了大语言模型依赖量表西班牙语版本（LLM-D12-SP）的首次验证，扩展了之前在英语和阿拉伯语样本中进行的验证。LLM-D12是一种二维工具，用于评估工具性依赖（依靠LLM执行任务和支持决策）和关系性依赖（因陪伴和社交互动对LLM的心理依赖）。共有386名说西班牙语的参与者（平均年龄28.0岁，标准差6.1；55%为男性）完成了LLM-D12-SP。验证性因素分析支持了原有的双因素结构。该量表具有良好的内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha系数：总量表0.89，工具性依赖维度0.86，关系性依赖维度0.85）。判别效度分析表明两个子量表代表相关但不同的结构。外部验证表明，两个依赖维度与网络成瘾和对LLM的感知可信度呈正相关，而与认知需求的关联较弱或无关联。这些结果为量表结构提供了跨语言支持，并为研究组织环境中LLM使用的心理方面提供了一个心理测量上合理的工具。
英文摘要
There is a growing need for reliable and culturally validated instruments to assess psychological dependency on large language models (LLMs), particularly as LLMs are increasingly used for task execution, decision-making, and communication in organizational and work-related settings. This need is especially relevant for Spanish-speaking populations, where LLM adoption is rapidly expanding, yet validated psychometric tools remain scarce. The present study reports the first validation of the Spanish version of the Large Language Model Dependency Scale (LLM-D12-SP), extending prior validations conducted in English- and Arabic-speaking samples. The LLM-D12 is a two-dimensional instrument assessing Instrumental Dependency (reliance on LLMs for performing tasks and supporting decisions) and Relationship Dependency (psychological reliance on LLMs for companionship and social interaction). A total of 386 Spanish-speaking participants (M = 28.0 years, SD = 6.1; 55% male) completed the LLM-D12-SP. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two-factor structure. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89 total; 0.86 Instrumental; 0.85 Relationship). Discriminant validity analyses indicated that the two subscales represent related but distinct constructs. External validation showed that both dependency dimensions were positively associated with internet addiction and perceived trustworthiness of LLMs, while showing weak or no association with need for cognition. Together with prior English and Arabic validations, these findings establish cross-linguistic support for the scale's structure and provide a psychometrically sound tool for investigating psychological aspects of LLM use in organizational contexts.
