AI 中文总结
研究爱因斯坦引力与EH非线性电动力学耦合的带电黑洞，通过直接用物理电磁不变量$\mathcal{F}$描述构型，得到纯电解析解、纯磁解及数值双荷解，研究其视界结构等性质，揭示EH非线性相互作用对黑洞性质的影响及新因果结构。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了爱因斯坦引力与欧拉-海森堡（EH）非线性电动力学耦合的静态、球对称带电黑洞，包括纯电、纯磁和双荷构型。我们不采用基于辅助电磁不变量$\mathcal{P}$的哈密顿形式，而是直接在爱因斯坦-欧拉-海森堡拉格朗日量中使用物理电磁不变量$\mathcal{F}$，无需引入辅助变量来描述所有带电构型。在此方法下，我们得到了纯电情形的精确解析解，直接从场方程恢复了纯磁解，并数值构建了双荷解。我们系统地研究了这些解的视界结构、因果性质和热力学。纯电分支呈现出熟悉的雷斯纳-诺德斯特龙视界结构，纯磁分支自然地具有由一个事件视界和两个内视界组成的新型三视界构型。双荷解在电和磁极限之间连续插值，根据磁荷与电荷比和EH耦合呈现单视界或三视界构型。我们进一步表明，EH非线性相互作用显著改变了带电黑洞的视界结构和热力学性质，同时中心曲率奇点仍未解决。这些结果表明，EH非线性电动力学产生了超越爱因斯坦-麦克斯韦理论的定性新因果结构。
英文摘要
We investigate static, spherically symmetric charged black holes in Einstein gravity coupled to Euler--Heisenberg (EH) nonlinear electrodynamics, including purely electric, purely magnetic, and dyonic configurations. Rather than adopting the Hamiltonian formulation based on the auxiliary electromagnetic invariant $\mathcal{P}$, we work directly with the physical electromagnetic invariant $\mathcal{F}$ in the Einstein-Euler--Heisenberg Lagrangian, thereby describing all charged configurations without introducing auxiliary variables. Within this approach, we derive an exact analytical solution for the purely electric case, recover the purely magnetic solution directly from the field equations, and construct the dyonic solutions numerically. We systematically study the horizon structure, causal properties, and thermodynamics of these solutions. While the purely electric branch exhibits the familiar Reissner--Nordström horizon structure, the purely magnetic branch naturally admits a novel three-horizon configuration consisting of one event horizon and two inner horizons. The dyonic solutions continuously interpolate between the electric and magnetic limits and exhibit either one- or three-horizon configurations, depending on the magnetic-to-electric charge ratio and the EH coupling. We further show that the EH nonlinear interaction significantly modifies the horizon structure and thermodynamic properties of charged black holes while leaving the central curvature singularity unresolved. These results demonstrate that EH nonlinear electrodynamics gives rise to qualitatively new causal structures beyond Einstein--Maxwell theory.
Comments28 pages, 89 figures
